This 1983 speech by the president of the Ford Foundation addresses the problem of youth unemployment and examines the case for adoption of a system of "National Service." The widening effects of structural unemployment are cited; and economic, demographic, and technological reasons for this phenomenon are outlined. National Service is described as a system which, by formalizing contributed service by American youth, can provide for national security and defense, provide opportunities for young people to help solve social and environmental problems, and open new perspectives and choices to young people for bettering themselves as workers and as citizens. In addition, the plan is seen as encouraging social equity. Several models of National Service are examined. These differ in such features as (1) mandatory versus voluntary participation, (2) universal or selective registration, (3) number of registrants required to serve, (4) emphasis placed on personal development, and (5) cost and management. Thomas concludes by calling for comprehensive research, thoughtful planning, and informed public debate prior to the implementation of any National Service plan, in order to ensure that the program will meet the needs of both the nation and its youth. (GC)