This exploratory, multi-disciplinary study, which was undertaken to identify a research agenda for the educational implementation and impact of microprocessing technology, used case study methodology to explore the relationship between the social contexts and the microcomputer innovation. Three geographically distinct school districts with a diversity of microcomputer applications at both elementary and secondary levels were studied. A research team interviewed district administrators, school administrators, computer resource personnel, media specialists, teachers, students, and community members. Students were observed using microcomputers in a variety of contexts. Six trends emerged which raise questions for future research: (1) differential access to microcomputers; (2) emergence of new roles in response to microcomputers; (3) lack of integration of microcomputers into elementary classrooms and curricula; (4) inadequate quantity and quality of software; (5) inadequate preparation of teachers for using microcomputers; and (6) lack of knowledge about effects and outcomes of the instructional uses of microcomputers. A 23-item reference list and the interview guides used with schoolboard members, district administrators, teachers, and students are included. (Author/LMM)