This paper reviews the literature dealing with therapist neutrality or value-free treatment processes, and proposes that therapist values do play a major role in therapy. Supposed therapist neutrality in psychoanalyses, behavior therapy, and client-centered therapy is explored. The role of therapist values in client selection is discussed, and the client qualities reportedly preferred by therapists (i.e, young, attractive, verbal, successful, intelligent) are outlined. The influence of therapist values in client goal-setting and values changes is discussed. Studies reflecting the clash of counselor-client values are highlighted; and implications for therapy are proposed, including the need for counselor awareness and open discussion of values, and therapy for counselors. (Author/JAC)