This technical memorandum discusses procedures for evaluating potential employment change associated with automation and outlines associated problems. It also describes the nature and modes of delivery of education, training, and retraining for persons holding or seeking employment in manufacturing industries. An introduction provides a brief review of the evolution of programmable automation and sets out several factors that influence the social and economic consequences of new technologies. Chapter 2 discusses methodology and provides background material useful for evaluating employment and working environment changes. Shortcomings of many publicized employment forecasts and requirements for satisfactory forecasts are pointed out. Chapter 3 examines the changing role of education, training, and retraining; describes how industry and labor engage in instructional services delivery; presents current views of representatives of the industry, labor, and educational community concerning changes in instructional requirements and providers; and outlines critical issues for those engaged in instructional design and delivery, in light of possible widespread use of programmable automation. Appendixes include the methodology of a survey to identify education and training requirements inherent in the use of programmable automation, a paper on industrial relations, and six papers presented at a workshop on the analysis of labor markets and industrial relations. (YLB)