ERIC Number: ED229354
Record Type: RIE
Publication Date: 1983-Feb
Pages: 18
Abstractor: N/A
ISBN: N/A
ISSN: N/A
EISSN: N/A
The Coach in Action: A Descriptive Analysis.
Lombardo, Bennett J.; And Others
Observations were made of coaches' interactive behavior during competitive games, and the quantity and quality of interaction between 38 coaches and their athletes were recorded. Interactions were categorized as: (1) positive--verbal praise, nonverbal affirmative gestures; (2) neutral--lecturing, giving commands, pointing, demonstrating; and (3) negative--verbal criticism, grimacing, frowning. Analysis of the data revealed: (1) Coaches spent approximately one-half of their time observing, absorbed in the action of the game, and not interacting with their players; (2) The most common coaching behavior directed to an individual player was nonevaluative or instructive; (3) Male coaches provided significantly more verbal praise and encouragement than did female coaches; (4) Coaches of winning teams were characterized by greater use of verbal and nonverbal, neutral, and negative interaction; (5) Coaches of losing teams displayed more positive interaction (praise, support) with their players; and (6) Individual interactions occurred most frequently when the score was tied. (JD)
Publication Type: Speeches/Meeting Papers; Reports - Research
Education Level: N/A
Audience: N/A
Language: English
Sponsor: N/A
Authoring Institution: N/A
Grant or Contract Numbers: N/A
Note: Paper presented at the Convention of the Eastern District Association of the American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance (Providence, RI, February, 1983).