A questionnaire survey of elementary teachers and principals investigated their attitudes toward parent involvement in schools and sought to find whether barriers to parent involvemnt were related to school policies and procedures, teacher or principal attitudes, lack of resources, or lack of knowledge or skills. Of the random sample of 2,000 teachers and 1,500 principals--located in Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas--45 percent responded. Attitudinal data were collected on parent involvement in 20 educational decisions and 7 specific involvement roles and on the extent of current parent involvement in 28 specific school decisions. Data analysis was performed using frequencies, averages, and Likert-scale ratings of items. The results show both teachers and principals favor parent involvement in helping their children with school work and in playing support roles for school activities, but do not favor involvemnt in curriculum and instruction decisions or school administration and governance. The results suggest school policies and procedures, as well as teacher and principal attitudes, are not barriers for favored types of parent involvement but may be barriers for nonfavored types of involvement. (RW)