These four papers focus on a consideration of the costs of evaluation, as examined in the Evaluation Use Project. "A Framework for Estimating Evaluation Costs," by Marvin Alkin and Brian Stecher, considers overall theory and draws on previous research in determing evaluation costs. The concepts are extended to develop informal quidelines for a two-stage cost estimate process. The succeeding papers present actual case studies of the cost estimate process in three different evaluation contexts within local school districts. "The Cost of a District-Wide Testing Program," by N. James Myerberg, identifies the specific applicable cost parameters and suggests a method to compare testing across school districts. "The Incremental Cost of Conducting a Summative Evaluation of a Special Education Program From an Existing Data Base," by William T. Denton, examines a computerized system. "The Cost of a School Level Needs Assessment," by Floraline Stevens, discusses cost estimates according to school size and staff familiarity with the process. The question of assigning value to the extensive time expenditures required in the procedure is examined. Each paper proposes a high and low cost alternative to the evaluation procedure and examines the differences between options. (CM)