This book presents a philosophical and pragmatic approach to the teacher's active role in fostering a developing understanding of painting in 1-11 year-old children. Cognitive processes behind children's painting are explored; each phase of imagery is seen as emerging from and building on the thought processes of the previous phase. Tasks are suggested for each phase, and methods are offered for encouraging children to discuss concepts involved in their work. A section entitled "Learning the Elements" traces the transitions for experimentation with movement on paper to initial use of line, shape, and color and progresses to the combination of various elements into elaborate patterns and designs. A section entitled "First Representations" discusses the connection that occurs between configurations on paper and objects in the real world and lead to the selection of a particular theme and drawing. A section entitled "Picturing Experience" describes how children come to understand paintings as descriptions of their interests and activities, and how they progress from simple images to richer symbols and to full use of metaphor and artistic style in expressing complex life experiences. Specific motivational and teaching techniques and criteria for assessment are presented for each section. Black and white and color illustrations are included along with classroom anecdotes and observations of individual children. (JD)