This study concerns the effect of family structure (single-headed or dual-headed nuclear families) and grandmaternal domicile (grandmother living with the nuclear family or in the local community) on the perception of grandmother/grandchild and parent/child interactions. The author's primary interest was to delineate the perceived role of the grandmother within the black family with regard to the rearing of children. Sixty families consisting of grandmothers, parents, and children were interviewed according to Bronfenbrenner's Parental Behavior Scale. Each adult family member was asked to describe his or her self-perceived interaction with the child as well as perceptions of the other relevant adult family members' interactions with the child. Children, ranging from 8 to l4 years of age, were also asked to describe their interactions with each relevant adult family member. Results indicate that grandmothers perceived (and were perceived as) having greater numbers of interactions with their grandchildren when they lived in the home as opposed to living in the community and when the family structure involved a single- rather than dual-parent structure. (MP)