Investigated is the topic of research implementation and how it can affect evaluation results. Even when evaluations are well planned, the obtained results can be misleading if the conscientiously-constructed research plan is not correctly implemented in practice. In virtually every research arena, one finds major difficulties in implementing the strategies which methodologists set forth. Some sources of implementation problems include the lack of an explicit research plan, inadequate training of staff, poor motivation of research participants, and intergroup conflicts. When devising an implementation plan, it is often useful to consider subparts of the research task separately and to determine for each part what problems are likely to occur. The following major research components should be considered: implementation of the program, sampling, the measures administered, the research design, data preparation, and data analysis. Quality control techniques, accounting techniques, pilot studies, planned replications, multi-trait multi-method approaches, monitoring and observation, design variations, statistical analyses, simulations, secondary analysis, or meta-evaluation can be used to assess and improve research implementation. (Author/PN)