While the overall change in Cuban education came about because of the revolution, expansion took place in several stages, each largely a function of the economic development policy being followed at the time. In the period up to 1964 when Cuba thought it could industrialize under the Soviet model it concentrated on developing basic education for workers and pupils, and developed rural primary schools. In 1964 the "schools to the countryside" movement tried to increase agricultural production and inculcate socialist values by bringing students to work in the sugar fields in the summer. Changes in these plans came about with the failure to meet the sugar quota in 1969-70 and the realization that students were not contributing much and that the country needed better managers and technicians. The most profound shift since 1964 seems to have taken place after 1975 with the decision to boost university education. This came about at the same time that the mechanization of the sugar harvest reduced the need for agricultural workers. A slowdown in the building of schools in the countryside and an increase in urban secondary education have also occurred. (Author/IRT)