Women and men tend to be defined by their marital and parental status; thus, these factors may be crucial in understanding societal attitudes toward working men and women. The influence of marital and parental status on perceived job performance was investigated with a college undergraduate sample (N=128). From paragraph descriptions that varied gender, marital status, and parental status systematically, raters indicated that they expected women would be absent more than men, singles would be paid more than marrieds, and parents would be paid more and be absent more, but would be on the job longer than non-parents. The overall quality of job performance was judged highest for married men with or without a dependent child, next highest for single men with a dependent child, third highest for married women without a dependent child, and lowest for all women with a dependent child. The findings suggest that differences in sex-role stereotypic attitudes toward working men and women may not be a function of gender, but may result from differential expectations of job performance between the sexes that are associated with marital and parental status. (Author/JAC)