This volume reviews literature and current practices in both the Personalized System of Instruction (PSI) and adult education that are pertinent to development and implementation of a PSI program for nontraditional adult learners. Chapter 2 provides a review of literature and current practices of PSI, especially that research providing evidence of raising questions about the internal mechanisms of PSI. It discusses practical findings on each of the five basic elements of PSI, as they pertain to adult learners: written materials, mastery, self-pacing, peer proctors, and motivational lectures. Chapter 3 presents findings from a review of literature on adult learning. Section A outlines some general qualities of adult learners and their implications for development of instructional materials and strategies. Section B briefly discusses some characteristics of nontraditional adult learners and several subpopulations considered promising for PSI implementation. Chapter 4 first summarizes some conclusions drawn relative to the research question of whether or not further investigation of PSI use for nontraditional adult learners is worthwhile. Conclusions are grouped under the five general chacteristics of PSI. Some suggestions are then outlined for development and implementation of a PSI program for nontraditional adult learners. A bibliography of approximately 120 items is appended. (YLB)