The current status of mathematics education in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics is reported. The perceptions of Davis and Romberg reflect their own observations and discussions with Soviet educators. Kantowski and Rachlin give their impressions resulting from reading reports on Soviet research techniques and findings. Davis and Romberg discuss common practices in present Soviet schools, difficulties in language, Soviet mathematics curricula, and mathematics education research and development in the Soviet Union. Rachlin considers Soviet approaches to the study of problem-solving processes in mathematics, while Kantowski gives another view of the value of studying mathematics education research and development in the Soviet Union. (MK)