This paper presents new information about the relationship between truancy in both elementary and high school. It is based on a sample of St. Louis black schoolboys. In this longitudinal study, school records were obtained and scored with respect to attendance. The effect of truancy was examined on four adult outcomes: earnings of less than $101/week, deviant behaviors other than drug abuse, drug abuse, and psychological status. Truancy resulted in important implications for both childhood and adult outcomes of this sample. Elementary school truancy, often beginning in first grade, forecast continued truancy in high school, particularly in those who had other kinds of deviant behavior. Both elementary and high school truancy were associated with dropping out of school before completing secondary education, and also with low earnings as an adult. High school truancy was strongly related to a variety of adult deviant behaviors, including psychological disturbance. It was found that boys who graduated from high school despite truancy had considerably better adult outcomes than those whose truancy led to dropping out. (Author/AM)