This study was designed to investigate the effects of winning and losing competition upon the aggressive responses of intercollegiate basketball players and wrestlers. The Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration Study was administered to 32 Springfield College undergraduates (1) during a normal emotional state, (2) after winning a content, and after losing a contest. A 2X3 factorial ANOVA with repeated measures across one factor was used to analyze the data. Following winning competition, the normal level of extrapunitive aggression was reduced significantly for basketball players (P less than .05). After losing, wrestlers showed a significant increase in extrapunitive aggression (P less than .05). For all subjects, extrapunitive aggression was higher during the normal state than it was following winning competition (P less than .01). It was concluded that losing competition may be a more frustrating experience for individual sport athletes than for team participants. In addition, winning competition has aggression reduction value to both types of participants. (Author)