Migration is generally conceptualized in terms of "streams" and "counterstreams." A stream is a group of migrants having a common origin and destination in a given migration period. The movement in the opposite direction is called its counterstream. The latter is usually the smaller of the two. A counterstream can be divided into two components: first time movers to an area (Primary Migrants) and return movers (Return Migrants). The purpose of this paper is to examine the feasibility of the differentiating between primary and return migrants within the Black countersteam, that is, Black migration to the South. A counterstream migration of Black people to the South has existed for many decades. The Census data indicates this counterstream has been steadily increasing from the first data available in 1935-1940 through the 1973 data from the Current Population Survey. As part of a larger study of Black migration to the South, the data for this analysis were derived from the Public Use Tapes of the 1970 Census of Population and Housing. Given the nature of selectivity in migration, certain socio-demographic and socioeconomic factors have been selected for analysis. The variables presented for analysis correspond to those variables showing themselves as useful measures of distinctions between migrant groups: age-sex relationships, marital status, education, income, and occupation. (Author/JM)