ERIC Number: ED099957
Record Type: RIE
Publication Date: 1974-Sep
Pages: 34
Abstractor: N/A
ISBN: N/A
ISSN: N/A
EISSN: N/A
Federal Programs Supporting Educational Change: A Model of Educational Change. Volume I.
Berman, Paul; McLaughlin, Milbrey Wallin
Self-conscious federal efforts to promote innovation in local educational practices have resulted in little consistent or identifiable improvement in student outcomes. Although such student outcomes may be disappointing, they do not accurately reflect the potential of innovative ideas because many innovations are not implemented according to plan. This interpretation of the problem stresses the complexity of the implementation process and locates the essence of the problem not in inadequacies of innovative plans but in the bureaucratic nature of the educational system itself. Therefore, improving educational results would require policies that promote change in the educational system and in the way it implements innovations. Without a systematic theory of planned change, however, federal policy has few reliable guidelines. As a requisite to Rand's proposed research, therefore, this report first assesses the literature comprising program and policy studies and then critically examines the analytical literature on planned change in education to select and formulate major theoretical issues. It then suggests an approach for investigating these research concerns and proposes a conceptual model of factors affecting change processes in a local school district. (Author/WM)
Descriptors: Bureaucracy, Change Agents, Change Strategies, Educational Change, Educational Finance, Educational Innovation, Elementary Secondary Education, Federal Aid, Federal Programs, Financial Support, Models, Organizational Theories, State Federal Aid
Rand Corp., 1700 Main Street, Santa Monica, California 90406 ($2.00)
Publication Type: Reports - Research
Education Level: N/A
Audience: N/A
Language: N/A
Sponsor: Office of Education (DHEW), Washington, DC.
Authoring Institution: Rand Corp., Santa Monica, CA.
Grant or Contract Numbers: N/A