Phase II of the Emergency School Assistance Program (ESAP), a federal program designed to aid local education agencies in bringing about racial desegregation of their public school systems is discussed. This phase is an intensive study of 20 selected ESAP districts, which identifies and documents ESAP activities that have successfully aided the desegregation process. The following study objectives were established; (1) increase the understanding of how and why local school districts implement ESAP projects, (2) identify special problems of local education agencies in relation to their process of school desegregation, and (3) evaluate the social and educational impacts of current ESAP activities in meeting their special problems and identify any features that tend to make an activity successful. The evaluation process in Phase II consisted of three parts: (1) individual case studies, (2) comparative analysis of ESAP activities, and (3) survey instruments. Conclusions include: (1) the ESAP activities tended to help the process of desegregation but had little effect on the quality of education in the schools; (2) Counseling activities received high marks by their evaluators for their roles in aiding desegregation; (3) ESAP provided local school officials with an acceptable reason for undertaking certain actions; and (4) The 20 districts included a mixture of many successful and few unsuccessful ESAP activities. Appendices A through T include data on the 20 district studies. (For related documents, see ED 058 470-471.) (CK)