This document presents papers and discussions from an OECD-sponsored conference of international experts on forecasting and planning techniques. The 15 papers discuss the need for planning and its relationship to some major feature of society such as technology, information systems, organizations, government, or social change. In addition to commentaries on the conference by eight respondents, this volume contains the Bellagio Declaration on Planning, a document endorsed by all participants, which emphasizes the necessity of planning in the creation of a future society. (RA)