As part of the Final Report of the National Study of American Indian Education, this paper explores and compares the background of the rural Lumbee Indian with the urban Lumbee living in Pembroke, North Carolina. An interpretation for defining the American Indian in the tri-ethnic community is included, as well as a discussion of the economics of Robeson County as related to job availability. A comparison of the city education system of Pembroke and the rural Magnolia School of Robeson County concludes this report. The appendix is a statistical analysis of data on Robeson County gathered from the Robeson County Health Department in December of 1967. (LS)