This kindergarten through grade 2 program, intended to prevent the development of educational deficits, proposed to utilize the main features of the More Effective Schools and the All Day Neighborhood Schools programs in order to (1) increase the academic level of children in poverty areas, (2) involve the parents in that primary objective, and (3) provide liaison with other grades in school. Class size was reduced to 15 pupils for kindergarten and first grade, and to 20 for the second grade. The five special primary schools served a total of 2,336 children, 99 percent of whom were Negro, and one percent Puerto Rican. No systematic quantitative differences were found between performance in these schools and the several baseline comparison schools. However, the improved qualitative benefits resulting from reduced class size suggest definite advantages potentially accruing to the facilities of the Special Primary Program. Sample questionnaire and interview forms used in the evaluation are appended. (EM)