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Descriptors:
Higher Education; Quality Control; Rewards; Strategic Planning; Public Policy; Sustainability; Educational Change; Political Influences; Performance Factors; Financial Support; Performance Based Assessment; College Faculty; Competition; Leadership Role; College Administration; Educational Improvement; Educational Policy

Abstract:
The renewal of strategy development and implementation is important in the context of the changing higher education landscape. Changing government policy and the political agenda require a university to engage in careful strategy development and implementation which result in long-term sustainability. The political interest of the government will place more pressure on universities to align their strategy and directions as performance-based rewards are linked to institutional performance outcomes in teaching and research. It is yet to be seen how performance-based funding could improve internal quality assurance in universities as more focus will be on aligning resources to attract performance funding. Such a strategy may not lead to internal enhancements and it may also scrutinise academic work in assessing and rewarding teaching and research performance. Lack of emphasis on careful planning and implementation could have implications for institutions in the current competitive environment. The author concludes that careful and intelligent strategy development and effective implementation and monitoring are based on the quality of institutional leadership which drives change and improvement. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Civil Engineering; Transportation; Role; National Security; Economic Progress; United States History; Migration Patterns; Construction (Process); Strategic Planning; Physical Environment; Influence of Technology; Context Effect; Costs; STEM Education; Class Activities

Abstract:
Few people truly recognize the influence of modern transportation on society. In the United States, that includes the influence of highways that allow the citizenry to travel freely, the strength of the economy, and the country's national security. In all cases, the geography of the United States influenced the evolution of transportation and transportation technology. The U.S. is the third largest country in the world and includes a vast area of land (Central Intelligence Agency, 2012a). In 2008, the U.S. had the most kilometers of roads in the world--6,506,204 km--almost twice as many as China with the second most (Central Intelligence Agency, 2012b). The U.S. continues to construct highways because they are vital to the country's national security and economic growth. What are the costs of building, upgrading, and maintaining America's highways? What are the costs of not building and maintaining highways? How does the U.S. highway system compare to the highway systems of other countries? Why has the U.S. highway system evolved the way that it has? These questions are discussed in this article. A classroom activity about highway construction is also offered. (Contains 5 figures.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Leadership; Superintendents; Best Practices; Correlation; Educational Improvement; Administrator Role; Governance; Administrator Attitudes; Leadership Effectiveness; Leadership Role; Organizational Change; Educational Planning; Strategic Planning; Online Surveys; Questionnaires; Educational Practices; Professional Education; Operations Research; Critical Incidents Method

Abstract:
The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between superintendent leadership and the operational processes of school improvement. School district superintendents (N = 226) from six southeastern states were surveyed concerning their leadership authenticity and school improvement practices. Descriptive statistics, analyzes of variance, Pearson correlation coefficients, and structure equation modeling were used to analyze the data. A significant and positive relationship was found between superintendent levels of leadership authenticity and their districts' use of best practices in the school improvement process. Implications for practice in academic professional preparation programs, for practicing administrators, and for governing boards are discussed. (Contains 3 tables and 3 figures.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Higher Education; Leadership; Foreign Countries; Strategic Planning; Facilities Management; Educational Administration; Professional Autonomy; Administrator Role; Colleges; Case Studies; Governance; Professional Development; Semi Structured Interviews; Department Heads

Abstract:
Middle-level academic managers play a central role in university management; however, their roles are not always clear and straightforward. Although this research subject has been comprehensively investigated in the last 40 years, most studies are western-biased. This study examines the roles of Heads of Department in a newly established university in Vietnam to fill this literature gap. Through 24 interviews and document analysis, the study finds that the main task areas of the Heads of Department centre on programme management, academic staff management and facilities management. Other areas such as strategic management and budget management appear to be neglected. The paper supports the findings of the existing literature that Heads of Departments' responsibilities vary in detail and the roles demanded are governed in large measure by departmental contexts. The study concludes that the Heads of Department enjoy a low level of autonomy and also act more as managers than as leaders. It is recommended that an enhanced leadership role should be given to the Heads of Department so that they can perform to the best of their ability, hence improving university performance. (Contains 1 table and 5 notes.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Stakeholders; Policy Formation; Unions; Foreign Countries; Public Policy; Part Time Employment; Student Employment; Interviews; Administrative Principles; Student Problems; Social Problems; Employer Attitudes; Performance Factors; Strategic Planning; Employment Practices; Labor Legislation

Abstract:
This paper uses data from interviews with representatives of national and state organisations that have a policy interest in student-working in Australia. The interviewees included representatives from employer bodies and trade unions as well as government organisations. The data are used to discuss these stakeholders' perceptions of the main advantages and disadvantages of working by young full-time students and the ways in which organisations in the business and educational sectors have adapted their policies and practices for student-working. The analysis is then used to inform a discussion about whether this is a legitimate area for public policy formulation and if so, what principles might underpin such policy and what some policies might look like. (Contains 3 tables and 1 note.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Physical Education; Mentors; Strategic Planning; Consortia; Doctoral Programs; Researchers; Graduate Study; Evaluation

Abstract:
Between 1992-2011, peer-reviewed research on the Research Consortium's annual program has been published in abstract form in the "Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport". On the basis of frequency, high-visibility institutions, researchers, and sub-disciplinary categories were identified. Data were extracted from each abstract (N = 5,587). On average, 279 (SD = 39) abstracts were published annually. The highest visibility institution was Texas A&M University, College Station; individual researcher, Weimo Zhu; and sub-disciplinary area, Pedagogy. Twelve of the top 20 institutions identified in this study took part in the most recent ranking of doctoral programs conducted by the National Academy of Kinesiology, with the Spearman's rho correlation being .66. These results may inform the Research Consortium's and the American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance's strategic planning efforts. Those interested in pursuing graduate degrees in the field and those who advise others about potential institutions and faculty mentors to study with may also benefit from this work. However, in doing so, a judicious interpretation of the results must be applied, as many factors should be considered when selecting a graduate program or mentor to study with, especially for those seeking research careers. Additional discussion points also emerged. (Contains 4 tables and 4 footnotes.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Labor Force Development; Role; Strategic Planning; Business Administration; Administrative Organization; Organizational Change; Organizational Culture; Influences; Barriers; Case Studies; Manufacturing; Models

Abstract:
Central to the relevance of HRD is the inclusion of HRD professionals and functions in organizational strategy. Understanding how HRD units and professionals contribute to or hinder organizational strategy is important for the field. We describe an organizational case in which a systemic strategic initiative involving "Lean strategy" is deployed and the specific contributions by HRD. We also highlight and provide themes from both extant general strategy and Lean strategy literature and key findings from thematic analysis from multilevel organizational interview data. An empirically derived model framing the strategic value of HRD in Lean strategy implementation is provided. These findings highlight HRD contributions for organizations involved in strategy implementation. (Contains 2 figures.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Labor Force Development; Role; Strategic Planning; Business Administration; Administrative Organization; Case Studies; Manufacturing; Models

Abstract:
This study by Meera Alagaraja and Toby Egan provides a case study of a Lean strategy implementation in which HRD was an integrated part of the process and offers a model that can give direction for both future research and strategic advocacy on behalf of HRD practice. The case is actually more a study of the importance of cross-functional and corporate-SBU collaboration in implementing strategic business plans than of HRD per se. The HRD contribution is contextualized in the strategic implementation process. As such, it offers a comprehensive and contextualized perspective on the process through which the strategic aspirations of HRD can potentially be realized in practice. That said, there is a broader story that needs to be known in order to contextualize and further understand how the study fits into the broader discussion about SHRD. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Dropouts; Foreign Countries; Coaching (Performance); Dropout Prevention; Dropout Rate; Strategic Planning; Correlation; Mentors; Decision Making; Regression (Statistics)

Abstract:
In line with the Lisbon Agenda, set by the European Council in the year 2000, European governments formulated ambitious plans to halve the level of early school-leavers by 2012. This paper outlines the dropout prevention measures in the Netherlands and analyzes their influence at both the individual and school level. While most policy measures correlate negatively with the individual dropout decision, only "mentoring and coaching" (i.e., matching of students with a coach from public or private organizations), "optimal track or profession" (e.g., work placement) and "dual track" (i.e., re-entering education for dropout students) have a significant negative impact on the individual dropout decision. By means of quantile regressions, we observe that schools with a relatively high dropout rate benefit the most from dropout prevention measures. (Contains 4 tables, 1 figure, and 13 notes.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Strategic Planning; Guidelines; Cultural Context; Barriers; Agency Cooperation; Partnerships in Education; Foreign Countries; Educational Development; Community Colleges

Abstract:
This chapter provides a framework and recommendations for development of strategic partnerships in a variety of cultural contexts. Additionally, this study elucidates barriers and possibilities in interagency collaborations. Without careful consideration regarding strategic partnerships' approaches, functions, and goals, the ability to successfully implement international development projects is compromised. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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