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Descriptors:
Higher Education; Academic Libraries; School Safety; Police; Law Enforcement; Security Personnel; Campuses; Crime; Student Attitudes; Video Technology

Abstract:
Too frequently, and often too late, academic librarians learn of patron experiences involving problem patrons, misdemeanor criminal activity, or poorly secured areas. Regrettably, these experiences can irrevocably diminish perceptions of access to the vibrant learning spaces and services offered by our institutions. This article assesses the current state of security personnel staffing and patron security issues at 25 public, four-year universities in two southeastern states. (Contains 2 tables.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Photography; Violence; Crime; School Security; Security Personnel; Law Enforcement; Educational Change; Zero Tolerance Policy; Hispanic Americans; High School Students; High Schools; Drug Use; School Policy; School Safety; Administrator Attitudes; Student Attitudes; Program Evaluation; Participant Observation; Race

Abstract:
High schools throughout the United States experience problems with violence, drugs, and crime. School administrators have responded with policies and strategies designed to prevent school violence such as zero tolerance approaches, partnerships with law enforcement agencies, security camera installations, and hiring additional security personnel to monitor students. The purpose of this research is to determine how Chicanas/os and school officials perceive and experience these techniques as part of a broader process of criminalization. In addition, using qualitative data we explore perceptions of safety and experiences with victimization. Qualitative data include interviews (with high school students, school administrators, and security personnel), an evaluation of a Chicana/o-centered program, and participant observations in a predominantly Chicana/o high school located in the Southwest. Findings show some students find the new techniques to be invasive and hostile and others find school security measures as providing a sense of security; and administrators and teachers generally find value in the new approaches. From a LatCrit perspective, we argue that Chicana/o and Mexicana/o experiences are set within a context of racialized space where criminalization is one possible outcome of school security measures. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Individual Characteristics; Criminals; Juvenile Justice; Mental Retardation; Foreign Countries; Interviews; Institutionalized Persons; Security Personnel

Abstract:
Recent research demonstrates that despite increased attention and awareness by politicians and decision-makers, people with learning disabilities are still disadvantaged when engaging with the criminal justice system. It has been argued that shortcomings in providing support are because of criminal justice professionals lacking necessary skills and competencies in identifying and dealing with people who have learning disabilities. This study draws on qualitative data generated through unstructured interviews with custody sergeants from three different constabularies. It is argued that learning disability is constructed in relation to concepts of fairness and justice, which a custody sergeant may utilise in accordance with their perception of professional identity. These constructs influence custody sergeants in their decision about how individual detainees should be treated and what kind of support should be made accessible to them whilst being detained. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Security Personnel; Second Language Learning; Air Transportation; Employees; English for Special Purposes; Program Descriptions; Foreign Countries; Discourse Analysis; Food Service; Pragmatics; Bus Transportation; Multimedia Instruction; Second Language Instruction; Dialogs (Language)

Abstract:
This article describes part of a European Commission Leonardo project that aimed to design a multimedia course for English language learners seeking work as ground staff in European airports. The structural-functional analysis of the dialogues written from the course showed that, across the four trades explored (security guards, ground handlers, catering staff and bus drivers), the present simple and clausal ellipsis abounded. It also revealed differences between trades. "Will" future was mostly used by security guards, ground handlers and bus drivers, when referring to regulations and offering their own action. Direct orders were given mainly by security guards and bus drivers, to enforce the law and keep passengers moving. Passenger complaints were met by security guard pseudo-apologies, but bus drivers rarely apologised. Catering staff and bus driver dialogues featured the polite "would", "can" and "could" in offers and requests, accompanied by greetings, farewells, "pleases", "thank yous" and formal address forms. Security guards used hedges to mitigate their threat to passengers while ground handler routines allowed little time for interactional softeners. (Contains 3 tables.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Libraries; Safety; Security Personnel; Library Administration; Behavior Standards; Guidelines

Abstract:
Sharing expertise gleaned from more than two decades as a library security manager, Graham demonstrates that libraries can maintain their best traditions of openness and public access by creating an unobtrusive yet effective security plan. In straightforward language, the author: (1) Shows how to easily set clear expectations for visitors' behavior; (2) Presents guidelines for when and how to intervene when someone violates the code of conduct, including tips for approaching an unruly patron; (3) Offers instruction on keeping persistent troublemakers under control or permanently barred from the library; and (4) Gives library staff tools for communicating effectively with its security professionals, including examples of basic documentation. "The Black Belt Librarian" arms librarians with the confidence and know-how they need to maintain a comfortable, productive, and safe environment for everyone in the library. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Foreign Countries; Canada Natives; Barriers; Mobility; Cooperation; National Security; Public Officials; Security Personnel; Attitudes; Role; Tribal Sovereignty; Stereotypes; Treaties; Foreign Policy; Federal Indian Relationship; Theory Practice Relationship

Abstract:
The many Coast Salish groups distributed on both sides of the United States-Canada border on the Pacific coast today face significant obstacles to cross the international border, and in some cases are denied passage or intimidated into not attempting to cross. The current situation regarding travel by Aboriginal people reflects the "hardening" of the border by United States officials following the events of "9-11." A bureaucratic environment has become increasingly hostile to the interests of Aboriginal groups in favor of security. In addition, the problems encountered by individual Aboriginal travelers at the border reflect a transformed American impression of Canada, now commonly treated politically and administratively as a state from which enemies of America are positioned to harm American interests. These new perceptions create an environment that enables Homeland Security officers to regard Aboriginal peoples who seek to cross the border as suspect, although they do so under legal conventions that allow passage of Aboriginal peoples. Officers then act on their own received, stereotypical notions of what a "real Indian" looks like, and deny passage to those they consider to be fakes. These border issues reflect a larger pattern of the denial of Aboriginal rights and challenges to tribal sovereignty by the American state and its citizenry. Data for this work comes from interviews with Coast Salish people and the case of a Coast Salish man who was detained and prosecuted for attempting to cross the border. A justice summit held in 2003 provides direct insight into official American approaches to the border as they concern Aboriginal people, while reporting by the Seattle Times reveals local responses to 9-11. (Contains 63 notes.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Video Technology; School Security; Educational Facilities Design; School Safety; Violence; Educational Environment; Emergency Programs; School Personnel; Security Personnel

Abstract:
In the spring of 1999, 12 students and a teacher were killed by two gun-toting teenage boys at Columbine High School in Littleton, Colorado, making school safety and security an overnight priority in communities across the nation. Many schools are starting to borrow security methods and technology from the business world such as video intercoms, smart cards, and surveillance cameras. Years after the worst school shootings, new building plans, combined with new technologies, make for safer and more secure environments. (Lists 8 online resources.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Adolescents; Sexuality; Telecommunications; Interviews; Authors; Specialists; Prevention; Safety; Adolescent Attitudes; Secondary School Teachers; College Faculty; Violence; Counselor Attitudes; Teacher Attitudes; Security Personnel

Abstract:
Young people's "sexting"--defined by the "Macquarie Dictionary Online" (2010) as the sending and receiving of sexually explicit images via mobile phones--has become a focus of much media reporting; however, research regarding the phenomenon is in its infancy. This paper reports on the first phase of a study to understand this activity more comprehensively. Interviews were conducted with notable key informants (including teen culture authors and professionals from the academic, education and health sectors) to create a context for a second phase involving interviews with young people. Insights were offered into reasons for young people's participation, potential consequences and solutions. Highlighted was a gap in reliable data from the perspective of young people themselves, and the importance of their voice in understanding and developing effective strategies to prevent and deal with this phenomenon. (Contains 3 tables.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Urban Schools; Educational Change; Educational Environment; Security Personnel; School Security; Observation; Data Collection; Resistance (Psychology); Freedom; Personal Autonomy

Abstract:
The tragedies of Columbine and September 11th led public schools to step up surveillance practices in urban schools--producing an environment with less freedom and more control. While students are aware of the seeming powerlessness they face at the hands of security guards and surveillance technologies, they are also engaged in developing new ways to cope with, negotiate, and respond to these practices and injustices. Everyday surveillance is matched by everyday resistance. Not passively succumbing to the programs of surveillance in their schools and communities, students are navigating and responding in surprising, sometimes radical, ways. In an era of punitive public policies and school reforms, when urban teenagers are already perceived as threatening and misbehaving and labeled as deviant and criminals, research in search of resistance needs to seek out hidden transcripts and public protest. (Contains 1 figure and 1 note.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Law Enforcement; School Security; Security Personnel; Cultural Awareness; Cross Cultural Training

Abstract:
Enforcement agencies have developed an acute understanding of the importance of cultural competency among officers given the historically diverse nature of societies and communities. However, it has only been in the recent past that departments have begun ongoing training in this area. Training in cultural competency benefits departments in many ways. Such training can assist in improving police-community relations, as well as offering officers ways to be more effective in their charge to serve various publics. Additionally, this training assists departments in avoiding the criticism of "failure to train" in critical areas that can be levied against them by the public, the news media, and the political structure. Profiles of the diversity of U.S. college campuses, provided by the U.S. Department of Education, are invaluable in determining the nature and extent of cultural competency training offered to officers based on campus population. It is predicted that cultural competency training will be more prevalent in campus police and public safety departments, which serve highly diverse populations, and there will be a lack of training and attention to this topic in departments serving more homogenous populations. Every department with relatively homogenous populations needs cultural competency training, given that campus populations do not remain static. That is, campuses have a continual flow of visitors from all lifestyles participating in various activities, including, but not limited to, cultural events, workshops, and visits. A better understanding of cultural competency training and unmet training needs for campus police will serve to address the needs of all publics interacting on and within campus communities. In this article, the authors discuss the current program being proposed which consists of thirteen modules created to assist officers through the training program. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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