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Descriptors:
Information Literacy; Research Skills; Asians; Foreign Students; Undergraduate Students; Student Behavior; Information Needs; Information Seeking; Information Utilization; Guidelines; Peer Influence; Prior Learning; Student Interests; Time Management; Academic Libraries; Library Services; Foreign Countries; Portfolios (Background Materials); Semi Structured Interviews; Flow Charts

Abstract:
Academic librarians are striving to better serve international students as this emerging population grows on university campuses. Past studies of international students generally focus on linguistic and cultural differences in relation to information literacy skills development. However, it is necessary to go beyond these factors to better serve the population. By using a framework based in information behavior research, the present study investigates the factors that mediate students' behavior and information literacy skills. Practical recommendations based on the findings of an in-depth qualitative study of students' research process are provided. (Contains 2 tables.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Information Services; Information Seeking; Educational Attainment; Semi Structured Interviews; Economic Status; Internet; Information Technology; Information Sources; Information Needs

Abstract:
This exploratory study examines the information seeking and use behaviors of a group of US retired or near-retirement investors from everyday life information seeking and serious leisure perspectives. Although primarily qualitative, it also collects and analyzes quantitative data to describe retired investors' information preferences and use. Semi-structured interviews and journaling are used to examine the information seeking behaviors of a diverse group of investors and to assess the impact that personal characteristics, such as sex, socio-economic status, and educational attainment have on their behaviors. Findings suggest that the female investors studied were less likely to create information intensive fields and that this tendency is exacerbated by low educational attainment. Furthermore, the male investors studied were more likely to adopt Internet technology for their investing information seeking regardless of their educational attainment. Recommendations are made for improving information services to this important segment of the population. (Contains 1 table, 8 figures and 1 note.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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State Standards; Problem Solving; Classroom Techniques; Inferences; Academic Standards; Critical Thinking; Thinking Skills; Risk; Educational Technology; Technology Uses in Education; Information Seeking

Abstract:
This important new book identifies the skills and qualities students need, based on the Common Core State Standards, to be "really" ready for college and careers. Go beyond content knowledge...the deep thinking and learning skills detailed in this book will equip students for success! Prepare your students for their futures by helping them become: (1) Analytic thinkers; (2) Critical thinkers; (3) Problem solvers; (4) Inquisitive; (5) Opportunistic; (6) Flexible; (7) Open minded; (8) Teachable; (9) Risk takers; (10) Expressive; (11) Skilled at information gathering; (12) Skilled at drawing inferences and reaching conclusions; and (13) Skilled at using technology as a tool, not a crutch. For each skill, you'll learn why it matters, and get a whole host of practical strategies and techniques for bringing the skill to life in the classroom--across the curriculum and for different grade levels. Bonus! You'll get useful, much-needed information on planning high-quality assessments. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Public Libraries; Foreign Countries; Reference Services; Electronic Mail; Computer Mediated Communication; Library Research; User Needs (Information); Questioning Techniques; Content Analysis; Investigations; Classification; Cluster Grouping; Information Seeking; Problem Sets; Qualitative Research

Abstract:
In Japan, only a few public libraries provide e-mail reference services. To help public libraries start e-mail reference services, the authors investigated reference questions received by libraries via e-mail and traditional face-to-face services. The authors found that research questions are more frequently observed among e-mail questions and questions about the local area are slightly more frequently observed. Librarians who are planning to start e-mail reference services should be aware of these tendencies. (Contains 10 tables.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Electronic Libraries; Library Services; Focus Groups; Librarians; Libraries; Surveys; Error Patterns; Web Sites; Access to Information; Information Seeking; Information Technology; Information Needs

Abstract:
This report explores the changing world of library services by exploring the activities at libraries that are already in transition and the kinds of services citizens would like to see if they could redesign libraries themselves. It is part of a larger research effort by the Pew Research Center's Internet & American Life Project that is exploring the role libraries play in people's lives and in their communities. The research is underwritten by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. This report contains findings from a survey of 2,252 Americans ages 16 and above between October 15 and November 10, 2012. The surveys were administered on half on landline phones and half on cellphones and were conducted in English and Spanish. The margin of error for the full survey is plus or minus 2.3 percentage points. There were several long lists of activities and services in the phone survey. In many cases, the authors asked half the respondents about one set of activities and the other half of the respondents were asked about a different set of activities. These findings are representative of the population ages 16 and above, but it is important to note that the margin of error rises when only a portion of respondents is asked a question. There are also findings in this report that come from an online panel canvassing of librarians who have volunteered to participate in Pew Internet surveys. Some 2,067 library staff members participated in the online canvassing that took place between December 17 and December 27, 2012. No statistical results from that canvassing are reported here because it was an opt-in opportunity meant to draw out comments from patrons and librarians, and the findings are not part of a representative, probability sample. Instead, the authors highlight librarians' written answers to open-ended questions that illustrate how they are thinking about and implementing new library services. In addition, the authors quote librarians and library patrons who participated in focus groups in-person and online that were devoted to discussions about library services and the future of libraries. One batch of in-person focus groups was conducted in Chicago on September 19-20. Other focus groups were conducted in Denver on October 3-4 and in Charlotte, N.C. on December 11-12. Some 2,067 library staff members participated in the online panel. (Contains 2 tables and 10 footnotes.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Usability; Web Sites; Electronic Publishing; Electronic Libraries; Research Libraries; Academic Libraries; Information Seeking; Documentation; Online Searching; Graduate Students

Abstract:
This article reports results from an empirical usability evaluation of Human-Animal Bond Research Initiative Central as part of the effort to develop an open access research repository and collaboration platform for human-animal bond researchers. By repurposing and altering key features of the original HUBzero system, Human-Animal Bond Research Initiative Central hosts previously published materials from related disciplines and an extensive bibliography, in addition to traditional hub materials such as tools and datasets. Seven graduate students in the College of Veterinary Medicine at Purdue University participated in the usability evaluation. Tasks included exploring the system, finding an article in the repository, submitting an article to the repository, adding bibliographic information of an article to the repository, and using interaction features such as user groups. Participants also answered open questions regarding their overall experience and rated Human-Animal Bond Research Initiative Central's usability using the System Usability Scale. Response measures included task successfulness, navigational steps, task time, participant comments, and behavior notes recorded by the researcher. Results of the evaluation showed that the overall user experience of Human-Animal Bond Research Initiative Central was satisfactory but also indicated a number of usability issues. Participants had difficulty inputting metadata such as resource type and author information when submitting an article to the repository. There were also interface design issues regarding layout and consistency. It is expected that findings from this study and the evaluation methodology can be extended to the development and evaluation of similar research repository systems. (Contains 4 tables and 12 figures.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Smoking; Intervention; Internet; Correlation; Health Behavior; Asynchronous Communication; Telecommunications; Behavior Change; Recruitment; Information Seeking

Abstract:
The aim was to better understand structural factors associated with uptake of automated tailored interventions for smoking cessation. In a prospective randomized controlled trial with interventions only offered, not mandated, participants were randomized based on the following: web-based expert system (QuitCoach); text messaging program (onQ); both as an integrated package; the choice of using either or both; or a control condition informed of a static website (not considered here). Participants were 3530 smokers or recent quitters recruited from two sources; those seeking smoking cessation information, mostly recruited over the phone, and a cold-contacted group recruited from an Internet panel. More participants (60.1%) initially accepted the intervention they had been offered than used it (42.5%). Uptake of each intervention differed substantially by both recruitment source and modality (phone or web). onQ was a little more popular overall, especially in the information seeker sample. Highest overall intervention uptake occurred in the choice condition. A web-based intervention is most attractive if the offer to use is made by web, whereas a phone-based intervention is more likely to be used if the offer is made over the phone. Providing automated interventions on multiple platforms allows for maximal choice and greatest overall use of some form of help. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Undergraduate Students; Online Searching; Internet; Information Seeking; Science and Society; Synthesis; Information Sources; Critical Reading; Conflict; Information Literacy; Reading Comprehension; Memory; Expertise; Health Materials; Information Technology; Foreign Countries

Abstract:
Past research has shown that readers often fail to notice conflicts in text. In our present study we investigated whether accessing information from multiple documents instead of a single document might alleviate this problem by motivating readers to integrate information. We further tested whether this effect would be moderated by source expertise. One hundred undergraduates read the same medical information purportedly written by either medical experts or laypeople, which was presented as one document or spread across four documents. Results revealed partial support for our hypotheses. Readers of multiple documents exhibited superior memory for conflicts and provided a more balanced description of conflicting information in essays they wrote. Variation of author expertise moderated the effect of presentation format in the essay task but not on the memory test. The results extend previous research by showing that multiple documents reading also stimulates the integration of "conflicting" information. (Contains 2 tables and 1 footnote.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Information Seeking; Science and Society; Information Sources; Critical Reading; Information Literacy; Reading Comprehension; Reader Text Relationship; Synthesis; Prior Learning; Schemata (Cognition); Reliability; Conflict; Bias; Models; Foreign Countries

Abstract:
When reading multiple texts about controversial scientific issues, learners must construct a coherent mental representation of the issue based on conflicting information that can be more or less belief-consistent. The present experiment investigated the effects of text-belief consistency on the situation model and memory for text. Students read four texts about a scientific controversy. Learners' situation model was biased towards their beliefs when belief-consistent and belief-inconsistent texts were presented block-by-block. When the texts were presented alternatingly, situation models for belief-consistent and belief-inconsistent texts were equally strong. Moreover, the text base was better for belief-inconsistent texts. These results support the idea that prior beliefs influence the processing of conflicting information in multiple texts differently on the level of the situation model and on the propositional text base. A more balanced situation model of scientific controversies can be promoted by presenting belief-consistent and belief-inconsistent texts in an alternating sequence. (Contains 5 tables, 2 figures and 1 footnote.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Information Sources; First Generation College Students; Statistical Analysis; Online Surveys; College Students; Higher Education; Models; Interviews; Academic Achievement; Information Seeking; Undergraduate Students

Abstract:
Introduction: This study examines first-generation college students' information behaviour through Sonnenwald's theoretical framework of information horizons, a mental map upon which people place the information sources they use. Method: A web survey with 450 first-generation college students and 12 interviews were used to collect data. Interview participants were also asked to draw their information horizon maps to reflect the information sources they preferred to use. Analysis: Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive and inference statistics such as chi-square tests; qualitative data were analysed using the NVivo qualitative analysis program. Results: Results showed that students used different information and human sources across coursework-related settings, and family members were generally only consulted for coursework-related moral support. Students tended to use information sources prior to human sources. Conclusions: Learning the characteristics of first-generation college students' information horizons, including what they use as well as the reasons why, could help develop appropriate orientation programs and workshops for first-generation college students to support their adjustment and transition into college life. (Contains 4 tables and 2 figures.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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