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Pub Date: |
2001-00-00 |
Pub Type(s): |
Reports - Research |
Peer Reviewed: |
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Descriptors:
Childhood Attitudes; Commercial Television; Comparative Analysis; Content Analysis; Educational Television; Elementary Education; Middle Schools; Programming (Broadcast); Public Television; Television Research
Abstract:
The impact of the Children's Television Act, which requires broadcasters to provide educational and informational programs for children, was examined by having 141 second through sixth graders watch 16 popular and unpopular television programs and then assess the motivational appeal of, and children's learning from, these programs. Popular and unpopular prosocial and academic programs broadcast by the four major commercial networks (ABC, CBS, NBC, and Fox) were compared to comparable programs broadcast by PBS and Nickelodeon. Younger children and girls liked educational and informational programs more than older children and boys did. Popular programs were liked better than unpopular ones. Older children understood program content better than did younger children, particularly those programs that focused on academic content. Popular programs, prosocial programs, and network programs also tended to be better understood. Findings suggest beneficial effects of commercial educational and informational television programs for children, thereby affirming the beneficial effects of governmental policies that are designed to improve the quality of children's television programs for the nation's youth. (Contains 2 tables and 26 references.) (NKA)
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Pub Date: |
1999-09-00 |
Pub Type(s): |
Reports - Descriptive |
Peer Reviewed: |
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Descriptors:
Commercial Television; Elementary Secondary Education; Health Education; Marketing; Merchandising; Public Schools; School Business Relationship; Tables (Data); Television Commercials; Vendors
Abstract:
This report describes exclusive contractual agreements between businesses and public education agencies. It cites such examples as contracts between school districts and soft drink manufacturers, terming them "schoolhouse commercialism." It also provides data that explain why schools are so attractive to advertisers, and the reasons why schools "are in it for the money" as well. This is not an American phenomenon; it has spread outside the United States to Europe and Latin America. The report lists opposition to schoolhouse commercialism both in this country and abroad, as well as focused opposition to Channel One for its advertising and commercial use. The report also describes opposition to for-profit public schools, such as the Edison Project and Beacon Education Management. The growth of schoolhouse commercialism in the period 1997-98 to 1998-99 is explored, including sponsorship of programs and activities and the placing of advertising on school menus. An appendix contains sources, search strategies, search terms, and data tables. (Contains 123 references.) (DFR)
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Author(s): |
Bellon, Joe |
Source: |
Critical Studies in Mass Communication, v16 n2 p136-54 Jun 1999 |
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Pub Date: |
1999-00-00 |
Pub Type(s): |
Journal Articles; Opinion Papers; Reports - Evaluative |
Peer Reviewed: |
Yes |
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Descriptors:
Commercial Television; Content Analysis; Discourse Analysis; Mass Media Effects; Rhetorical Invention
Abstract:
Gives a thorough rhetorical investigation of "The X-Files" beginning with an exploration of the show's antecedent genre. Links the show to the genre of ontological detective stories, not science fiction. Describes the way in which the show simultaneously deconstructs and reconstructs authority. Creates a new story using science, government, and gender to question traditional boundaries and definitions. (SC)
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Pub Date: |
1998-09-00 |
Pub Type(s): |
Reports - Research |
Peer Reviewed: |
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Descriptors:
Audience Awareness; Commercial Television; Content Analysis; Evaluation Methods; Evaluation Research; Parent Participation; Programming (Broadcast); Television Research; Television Viewing
Abstract:
The V-chip is an electronic filtering device that parents can use to block the reception of sensitive or potentially harmful television programming they do not want their children to see. Given that the revised V-chip rating framework including content descriptors has been in effect for a full year, it becomes essential to examine how the array of rating options is being applied by the television industry. A study sought to evaluate the V-chip system's effectiveness at identifying violent, sexual, or language content that may pose a concern for parents or a risk for children, examining the television industry's program rating judgments since the advent of the V-chip rating system in 1997, with special emphasis on the use of the newer rating system introduced in October 1997. The PBS network is not included in the study. Based on an elaborate sample of programming that includes more than 2600 shows sampled over two years, the extent to which various rating categories have been used was explored. To assess the fit of each program's rating with its actual content, scientific content analysis procedures were performed on the shows sampled in 1998. These content-based findings were then employed to evaluate the precision of the rating system and the consistency of the rating system. Findings provide solid support for the conclusion that, in general, the age-based ratings are being applied in a way that reasonably reflects the content of these shows. Contains 45 references and extensive tables of data. Appendixes contain two composite week samples, two broadcast network prime time over-samples, and TV ratings guidelines. (NKA)
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