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Descriptors:
Career Development; Failure; Career Counseling; Theory Practice Relationship; Systems Approach; Counseling Theories; Counseling Techniques

Abstract:
Failing is a neglected topic in career development theory and counselling practice. Most theories see failing as simply the opposite of success and something to be avoided. It is contended that the Chaos Theory of Careers with its emphasis on complexity, uncertainty and consequent human imitations, provides a conceptually coherent account of failure in career development. The benefits of failing are outlined. The counselling implications of failure and ways for it to be addressed and utilised with those confronting career development challenges are also discussed. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Systems Approach; Career Counseling; Counseling Services; Counseling Theories; Social Theories; Career Development; Counseling Techniques; Fundamental Concepts; Convergent Thinking; Educational Practices

Abstract:
The Chaos Theory of Careers (CTC; Pryor & Bright, 2011) construes both individuals and the contexts in which they develop their careers in terms of complex dynamical systems. Such systems perpetually operate under influences of stability and change both internally and in relation to each other. The CTC introduces new concepts to account for previously neglected phenomena. The CTC was formulated to address identified shortcomings in existing career theory. Early theories had positive aspects but were partial, segmental, too rational, too individual focused, and divorced from much counseling practice. The authors found attempts at converging the theories unconvincing. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Careers; Systems Approach; Career Development; Career Counseling; Counseling Theories; Expectation; Client Characteristics; Counseling Effectiveness; Counseling Psychology; Counseling Techniques

Abstract:
Theory in career development counselling provides a map that counsellors can use to understand and structure the career counselling process. It also provides a means to communicate this understanding and structuring to their clients as part of the counselling intervention. The chaos theory of careers draws attention to the complexity, changeability and connectedness of components of career development. A framework for career counselling derived from the chaos theory of careers is outlined in terms of three factors: reviewing and reframing client expectations; exploring and engaging career development issues; encouraging and empowering career counselling outcomes for finding and constructing a career in a chaotic world. It is suggested that the chaos theory of careers offers a comprehensive theoretical conceptualisation that is able both to incorporate existing counselling practice and to suggest new counselling dimensions that could be incorporated into contemporary career practitioners' work. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Career Development; Experience; Influences

Abstract:
This article reports three studies on the nature and impact of chance events. The first study investigated chance events in terms of the dimensions of influence and control. The second and third studies investigated the effects of multiplicity of chance events on career development are in terms of respondents' own careers and then in terms of career scenarios. Results indicated that chance events can be characterized by the interactive influence of influence and control. High influence and low control chance events had the biggest impact on career development. When there is a connection between multiple chance events, the impact is greater than when unrelated chance events occur. The finding was confirmed regardless of whether individuals rated their own experiences or those presented in scenarios. However, it was also found that negative outcome chance events had the greatest impact regardless of whether such events were single or multiple influences on individuals' careers. The results provide further support for the integration of chance events into the Chaos Theory of Careers. (Contains 4 tables.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Employment Potential; Vocational Evaluation; Injuries; Disabilities; Misconceptions; Evaluators

Abstract:
The onset of injury and disability can have a significant negative effect on individuals' social, interpersonal and vocational participation. This in turn impacts on individuals' current and future earning capacity. An objective assessment of post-injury work capacity is often sought through legal processes to determine the extent of this loss. Onset of disability does not necessarily mean lack of ability to work. Changes in employment potential are, however, commonplace post-injury. This paper canvasses a range of issues confronting professionals who assess employment potential following injury, especially in medico-legal settings. What needs to be assessed, what assumptions need to be avoided and what practices undermine reliable and valid vocational assessment are discussed. Recommendations and suggestions about how to perform employability assessment to meet the standards required by the court system of expert witnesses are also outlined. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Career Development; Career Counseling; Personal Narratives

Abstract:
This paper seeks to extend previous work on narrative career counselling by considering the role of plot within clients' narratives. Seven archetypal narratives derived from the work of Booker (2004) are introduced that represent systems of meaning to provide insight into how individuals interpret their experience. These plots can be understood within the Chaos Theory of Careers (CTC) in terms of the attractors contained within the client narratives. Identifying the plots provides new insights into the nature of career development difficulties and how client stories may be reformulated. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Careers; Probability; Career Development; Convergent Thinking; Educational Strategies; Counseling Techniques; Counseling Theories; Career Counseling; Thinking Skills; Holistic Approach

Abstract:
The chaos theory of careers emphasizes both stability and change in its account of career development. This article outlines counseling strategies derived from this emphasis in terms of convergent or probability thinking and emergent or possibility thinking. These 2 perspectives are characterized, and practical counseling strategy implications are provided. In addition, an illustrative technique example is described. The authors conclude that the challenges of modern career development demand the complementary and the interactive use of both probability and possibility thinking strategies. (Contains 1 figure.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Career Counseling; Change; Prediction; Risk; Trust (Psychology); Counselor Client Relationship

Abstract:
This paper presents the implications of the Chaos Theory of Careers for career counselling in the form of Shiftwork. Shiftwork represents an expanded paradigm of career counselling based on complexity, change and uncertainty. Eleven paradigm shifts for careers counselling are outlined to incorporate into contemporary practice pattern making, an emphasis on planning, openness, flexibility, risk, possibility thinking, mattering and meaning, transforming information, scalable reasoning, emergence and trust as faith. (Contains 1 figure.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Careers; Career Development; Comparative Analysis

Abstract:
This article presents the Chaos Theory of Careers with particular reference to the concepts of "attraction" and "attractors". Attractors are defined in terms of characteristic trajectories, feedback mechanisms, end states, ordered boundedness, reality visions and equilibrium and fluctuation. The identified types of attractors (point, pendulum, torus and strange) and their relevance to career development are described. The attractor concept is then applied to major barriers in career development and life transition by a consideration of closed and open systems thinking. It is contended that ultimately the context of human experience is an open system and that career development difficulties arise when closed systems thinking is used in an open systems reality. The practical counseling applications and counseling research evidence using attractors are briefly reviewed. The additional potential contributions of the Chaos Theory of Careers to the career development field are also outlined. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Psychometrics; Career Development; Evaluation Methods; Extraversion Introversion; Holistic Approach; Counseling Techniques; Item Analysis; Vocational Interests; Congruence (Psychology); Career Counseling

Abstract:
Holistic perspectives in career development have focused attention on complexity as important for counselors using assessment techniques. Increased emphasis on subjectivity has resulted in greater focus on qualitative measures versus traditional psychometric tests. These developments reflect issues such as the idiographic-nomothetic distinction and individuals' being and becoming. The author uses a card sort technique to show how some of these issues might be addressed in the context of seeking a more comprehensive assessment for addressing the challenge of assessing complexity. Specifically, complexity is assessed in terms of traits, unique patterns of preferences, personal constructs, idiosyncratic likes, and the potential for change. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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