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Descriptors:
Females; Health Services; Familiarity; Cultural Differences; Older Adults; Cultural Context; Cultural Background; Foreign Countries; Video Technology; Community Organizations; Diabetes; Vietnamese People; Workshops; Information Technology; Guidelines; Chronic Illness; Buddhism; Feedback (Response); Qualitative Research; Consciousness Raising; English (Second Language); Second Language Learning; Case Studies

Abstract:
Objective: To report the processes and outcomes of a case study on digital technology, diabetes and culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) communities. Design: The qualitative study was based on a literature review, consultations and testing of a framework through workshops and an interactive information session. Setting: Consultations, workshops and an information session conducted in western regions of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Method: A framework was designed to address the needs of CALD community members to self-manage chronic conditions using innovative digital technology strategies. This was based on the literature review and 20 consultations held with representatives from health service providers and community organizations. The framework was tested with the assistance of the Quang Minh Buddhist Temple through consultations, workshops and an interactive information session about diabetes, YouTube and digital video cameras, in which 38 elderly women from the Vietnamese community participated. A descriptive and thematic analysis of participant feedback was conducted to determine lessons for future practice. Results: Participant feedback indicated that the information session achieved its goal of raising awareness of ways to use and access diabetes information using digital technology. However, participants noted areas for enhancement and improvement, including more focused and targeted engagement with peer-led techniques, the digital proficiency of participants and digital technology preferences based on age and cultural background. Conclusion: Digital technology was used to improve diabetes awareness information with elderly Vietnamese women, demonstrating the potential for application with others from CALD communities. However, there are continuing challenges in this approach, indicating the need for nuanced community engagement strategies that consider cultural context and familiarity with different kinds of digital technology. (Contains 1 figure.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Higher Education; Foreign Countries; International Relations; Educational Cooperation; International Cooperation; International Educational Exchange; International Studies; Foreign Policy; Asian History; Asian Studies

Abstract:
China's dramatic economic rise has tended to overshadow other wider perspectives on the developing China and Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) relationship, including in higher education. The article examines contemporary relations between China and ASEAN, set against the longer term development of cultural and trade relations. It is argued that, notwithstanding current territorial disputes, and a history of discrimination against ethnic Chinese in several parts of ASEAN, prospects for a deepening of relations in higher education remain strong. Singapore, Malaysia, and Vietnam are selected as three instances of the developing relationship in higher education and some of the links traced, with the former assessed as best placed to take advantage of its China relations in higher education. The developing sense of regionalism is seen as likely to further enhance China-ASEAN relations in higher education. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Western Civilization; Foreign Countries; Non Western Civilization; Asian History

Abstract:
Great Books programs and Western civilization courses have understandably emphasized the Greco-Roman and Hebraic origins of Western civilization, while moving on to a European focus, with some material relating to the Western Hemisphere usually brought in for good measure. After all, people have the ancient Greeks to thank for such landmark inventions as democratic thought and Euclidean geometry, while the ancient Romans have inspired much of law and architecture. Yet people have done this in a context in which they rely every day upon the decimal system in mathematics that was first developed in India and a paper and printing technology invented in China. This article suggests how the two leading civilizations in Monsoon Asia--India and China--may be smoothly incorporated into a Great Books or world civilization program, and moves on to propose how a two-semester course on Chinese civilization might be optimally organized. (Contains 13 footnotes.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Photography; Visual Aids; Rhetoric; Self Destructive Behavior; Buddhism; Clergy; Activism; Death; Citizen Participation; Empowerment; Asian History; War; Journalism; Conflict; Government (Administrative Body); Foreign Countries

Abstract:
Examining Malcolm Browne's photograph of the burning monk as well as appropriations of it by the Ministers' Vietnam Committee, I argue that self-immolation is a powerful rhetorical act that utilizes self-inflicted violence as a means of performing a visual embodiment of violence done by an "other." I assert that the power and resonance of Browne's photograph stem from its freezing in time of what Barbie Zelizer terms "the about to die moment." Additionally, this study expands Zelizer's concept by examining how appropriations of the burning monk image demonstrate the resonance of images of the dead and their potential to promote agency and civic engagement. (Contains 95 notes and 2 figures.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Measurement; Metacognition; Effect Size; Meta Analysis; Periodicals; Interpersonal Relationship; Psychology; Attention; Psychological Patterns; Relaxation Training; Cognitive Ability; Coding; Self Control; Western Civilization; Asian Culture; Philosophy; Buddhism

Abstract:
In this meta-analysis, we give a comprehensive overview of the effects of meditation on psychological variables that can be extracted from empirical studies, concentrating on the effects of meditation on nonclinical groups of adult meditators. Mostly because of methodological problems, almost 3/4 of an initially identified 595 studies had to be excluded. Most studies appear to have been conducted without sufficient theoretical background. To put the results into perspective, we briefly summarize the major theoretical approaches from both East and West. The 163 studies that allowed the calculation of effect sizes exhibited medium average effects (r = 0.28 for all studies and r = 0.27 for the n = 125 studies from reviewed journals), which cannot be explained by mere relaxation or cognitive restructuring effects. In general, results were strongest (medium to large) for changes in emotionality and relationship issues, less strong (about medium) for measures of attention, and weakest (small to medium) for more cognitive measures. However, specific findings varied across different approaches to meditation (transcendental meditation, mindfulness meditation, and other meditation techniques). Surprisingly, meditation experience only partially covaried with long-term impact on the variables examined. In general, the dependent variables used cover only some of the content areas about which predictions can be made from already existing theories about meditation; still, such predictions lack precision at present. We conclude that to arrive at a comprehensive understanding of why and how meditation works, emphasis should be placed on the development of more precise theories and measurement devices. (Contains 9 figures, 5 tables, and 16 footnotes.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Cultural Context; Foreign Countries; Creativity; Ideology; Student Attitudes; Confucianism; Collectivism; Interpersonal Relationship; Correlation; Asian Culture; Philosophy; Cultural Traits

Abstract:
To many Western observers, Confucian-heritage societies, such as Mainland China, Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Singapore, are characterized as collectivist-orientated in nature. Individuals live within the relationship with others, and the value of an individual is expressed by how the person relates to others. People in these societies are more concerned with confirmation, maintaining harmony with others rather than with individualization or becoming independent and being critical. These societies appear to be introverted, submissive, and close-minded. Such characteristics are negatively associated with creative personalities, as defined by Gough (1979). Therefore, it is suggested that these values of Asian societies are prohibitive to the development of individual creativity. This study examines an important philosophical root for the Chinese notion of creativity, that is, the Confucianism, and concludes that the Confucian ideology has shaped how Chinese have viewed creativity in the past, and may still have a great impact on how contemporary Chinese perceive creativity. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Foreign Countries; Managerial Occupations; Social Networks; Public Sector; Case Studies; Career Development; Labor Force Development; Interpersonal Competence; Cultural Context; Non Western Civilization; Employment Level; Context Effect

Abstract:
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate how managerial level moderates the relationships between networking behaviours and career success (objective and subjective) in the context of a public sector organisation in Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach: The study utilised a cross-sectional design and investigated these relationships indicated on a sample of 288 managers from the Malaysian public sector. Findings: The study found that increasing internal visibility was related to monthly income and subjective career success. Managerial level moderated the relationships between some types of networking and objective career success. Research limitations/implications: The study was cross-sectional in nature and involved a sample of managers from public sector organisations. However, there is scope to longitudinally investigate the impact of specific networking behaviours on both objective and subjective career success. Practical implications: The study findings highlight the advantages that senior managers have in respect of networking opportunities and the importance of particular types of networking objective and subjective career success. Originality/value: The study findings extend the knowledge of the value of networking and demonstrate that the relationships found in Western organisations also are true in Asian organisations and cultures and in public as well as private sector organisations. (Contains 2 tables.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Cooperative Learning; Educational Change; Foreign Countries; Culturally Relevant Education; Cultural Context; Global Approach; Questionnaires; Semi Structured Interviews; Secondary School Teachers; Secondary School Students; Student Teachers; College Faculty; Student Teacher Attitudes; Teacher Attitudes; Student Attitudes; Teacher Role; Preferences; Scores; Institutional Characteristics; Teacher Effectiveness; Group Unity; Behavior Standards; Social Behavior; Cultural Pluralism; Cultural Influences; Educational Practices; Non Western Civilization; Western Civilization

Abstract:
Under pressure of the continuing need to modernize, Vietnam is rapidly reforming its education system. Cooperative Learning (CL) with a Western-based model is being enthusiastically applied. This paper suggests that an authentic form of CL has long existed in the foundations of Vietnamese education. The reasons why Western-based CL is encouraged can be attributed to false universalism (the belief that a practice that originated from elsewhere can be "cloned" with similar results) and neo-colonialism (the perpetuation of a colonial mindset under the pressure of financial loans). While an adjusted form of CL has been suggested by previous studies to make CL culturally appropriate, this paper argues that a true hybrid form of CL which takes into account the authentic CL will have more potential to make this method not only culturally but institutionally appropriate. The paper indicates a strong need to identify and incorporate indigenous practice in the process of educational reform. (Contains 3 tables.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Foreign Countries; Human Body; Non Western Civilization; Death; Plastics; Audience Response; Museums; Exhibits; Ethics; Audiences; Rhetoric; Cultural Awareness; Rhetorical Criticism; Violence; Power Structure; Personal Autonomy; Models; Moral Values; Human Dignity; Social Attitudes; Ethnography; Interpersonal Competence; Cultural Context; Recreational Activities; Leisure Time; Program Design; Educational Experience; Controversial Issues (Course Content)

Abstract:
Using rhetorical analysis in the form of an autoethnographically informed biocritique, this study applies and expands the concept of rhetorical plasticity to examine the popular museum exhibit "Bodies: The Exhibition," which is arguably the most controversial of a series of contemporary museum exhibits that feature deceased human bodies that have been plasticized and entertainingly displayed for public viewing in museums in cities worldwide. We investigate how rhetorical tropes, such as biological and health discourses that pleasantly effuse reason, and fun action poses, operate synergistically to invite audiences into a forgetting of cultural awareness and personal biography in exhibits that display unknown Chinese bodies to Western audiences. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Foreign Countries; Family School Relationship; Buddhism; Christianity; Migrants; Mothers; Cultural Context; Time Management; Ceremonies; Teacher Attitudes; Religious Education; Interviews; Role of Religion; Life Style

Abstract:
In a preliminary study, 20 "migrant" Buddhist parents and children from England participated in semi-structured interviews to compare their home nurture with classroom presentation of Buddhism. In the home Buddhism received more time allocation and was presented mainly by the mother and monks--the content being that of "perpetuating structures", often in an ethnic mother tongue and with ethos permeating all aspects of life. In school, by contrast, Buddhism was allocated little or no time, was presented mostly by the teacher--the content being meditation, Precepts and the more material aspects of the tradition--in English and with little in terms of amenable ethos. Dissonance apparent between home and school presentation of Buddhism is compared to similar findings for the Hindu and Sikh communities in Britain, and the need is highlighted for more attention to avoidance of assumptions in content, better use of allocated time and increased involvement of the "migrant" Buddhist faith community. To this end, recommendations are made for further research. (Contains 2 notes.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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