This study evaluated the effects of a sexual victimization history and the contextual features of sexual activity and alcohol use on the effectiveness of women's responses to 44 written vignettes describing diverse dating and social situations. One hundred and one undergraduate women reported their history of sexual victimization and provided written descriptions of how they would respond to each vignette. Experts in the sexual violence research area then evaluated the effectiveness of these responses in decreasing risk of having an unwanted sexual experience, meaning one in which the woman is verbally or physically coerced into having sexual contact of any kind with a man. Results revealed that past victimization moderated the influence of the situations' contextual features on women's response effectiveness. Specifically, as the presence of sexual activity increased in the situations, the response effectiveness of more severely victimized women increased less than nonvictimized women. In addition, as the presence of alcohol increased in the situations the response effectiveness of more severely victimized women decreased more than that of nonvictimized women. (Contains 1 table.)