Regional workshops sponsored by the National Institute for Educational Research (Japan) were held to strengthen national efforts in the development of elementary science aids/materials. This document provides: (1) guidelines for the development of appropriate and low-cost aids for science instruction; (2) inventory of aids; (3) synthesis of experiences relating to the development of the aids (focusing on teacher education/development, use and availability of aids, curriculum, school level organization, instructional strategies, and financial support); and (4) recommendations. The major emphasis of the document is on the low-cost aids, grouped under the following headings: Basic Tools, Living Things, Matter, Energy, and Earth and Sky. (The division of science into these content areas is common in the elementary science programs in Asian and Pacific countries.) A brief description is given for each item. In addition, content, skills, and attitude objectives are listed when appropriate, materials for construction are listed, instructions for making the device are outlined, and suggested uses and modifications are provided. Among the aids described are a spirit burner for supplying heat, micro-balance, single-pan/spring balances, laboratory stands, water clock, thermometer, box of biological tools, plant press, stethoscope, breathing system, potometer, electricity kits, weather apparatus, and electric motors. (Author/JN)