The "Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence-Fourth Edition" (WPPSI-IV; Wechsler, 2012a, 2012b) is a comprehensive clinical tool, intended for assessing cognitive functioning among children aged 2 years 6 months through 7 years 7 months. Published by Pearson, the WPPSI-IV is an individually administered tool, to be used by trained examiners (i.e., those trained in Level C assessment). In addition, the test developers strongly recommend that test results are interpreted by professionals who have had appropriate training and experience with clinical assessment. In addition to providing a comprehensive assessment of general cognitive functioning, the developers suggest that the WPPSI-IV could also be included in assessments to identify intellectual giftedness, delays, or disability. Furthermore, the availability of different composite scores allows for strength and deficit-based analysis of examinees' cognitive functioning, particularly with respect to distinct cognitive domains (e.g., verbal vs. nonverbal abilities). According to the test developers, the WPPSI-IV was revised to update professionals on the theoretical foundations of intellectual assessment, increase developmental appropriateness and user-friendliness of the scale, and improve psychometric properties and clinical utility of the scale. Particularly, a specific focus was to improve measurement of Working Memory and Processing Speed indices (Wechsler, 2012b). Furthermore, the addition of the working memory composite, separating visual spatial and fluid reasoning composites, and improving upon the measures of verbal comprehension and processing speed reflect increased integration and consideration of Cattell-Horn-Caroll (CHC) factors in designing the WPPSI-IV. The test authors present a comprehensive analysis of the reliability and validity measures of the WPPSI-IV and provide tables with appropriate statistics to validate their findings. The reliability and validity measures discussed are based on U.S. norms. Consistent with the other Wechsler Scales, the WPPSI-IV provides a FSIQ and additional scores which allows for a more strength versus deficit evaluation of examinees' cognitive functioning. The test's strong psychometric properties, developmental appropriateness, and clinical utility are expected to make it a gold standard measure for intelligence assessment of younger children.