This study on the revitalization of Islamic education in the Turkish educational setting focuses particularly on the impact that Political Islam has had, by analyzing the role of religion across different periods of Turkish history. In the 1950s a multi-party democracy period started in Turkey and the Turkish educational setting was exposed to structural change at every schooling level. Islamic tendencies appeared in the curriculum, the organization of the educational system and the appointment of experts throughout the country. Furthermore, subsequent civil governments, some militarily supported, used Islam as a discourse in education. As a result, Political Islam influenced the structure of the school curriculum, and educational policy and its implementation, causing much debate.