This paper endorses the overall argument of the preceding contributions. It argues for an approach to teacher education focused more strongly on the nature of the educational enterprise and the why, wherefore and how of teaching specific subjects. The importance of distinguishing between the provisional nature of knowledge claims and relativism is…

Applied researchers, whether working with the framework of design-based research or intervention science, face a similar implementation challenge: practitioners who enact their programs typically do so in varied, context-specific ways. Although this variability is often seen as a problem for those who privilege fidelity and standardization, we…

What differentiates the professional development school (PDS) from other schools are the people and the roles they have created to enact the functions or goals unique to the PDS model: preparation of teacher candidates; enhanced professional learning for educators; improved student achievement through the simultaneous renewal of university and…

Educational policies for English language learners (ELLs) tend to focus on English language acquisition. In this chapter, the authors argue that educators need to give more attention to the development of bilingualism and biliteracy to draw upon the tremendous intellectual, linguistic, and cultural resources that bilingual children bring to the…

The high-stakes testing climate and the growing immigrant and English language-learning population have changed the face of teaching and learning in today's high schools. In this chapter, the authors emphasize the impact of a new paradigm of schooling based on high-stakes testing on Asian and Latin American students, as they represent the largest…

The purported "liquidity" of knowledge is often posed as one of the defining characteristics of the present "age of globalization." Liquidity describes the present moment as one marked by flows, flexibility and flux, and it also can be invoked to define the here-and-now by suggesting contrasts and departures from earlier historical eras. This…

In this article, the authors aim to present and discuss competing accountability approaches, or models, designed to systematically indicate how a school's students are performing academically. Within the framework of the current federally mandated accountability legislation, increased interest in models measuring school performance has caused…

Over the past two decades, scholars and practitioners in a variety of industries have considered work redesign among a constellation of strategies to promote employee recruitment and retention, development, motivation, and performance. Although educational policymakers in the middle to late 1990s shifted their attention to standards, systemic…

This chapter is part narrative and part commentary. In the first part of the chapter, the authors tell the story of their experiences over the past decade in supporting the work of classroom teachers and the systemwide monitoring of student achievement. In the second part of the chapter they reflect on the connections between the pieces of this…

Discusses the attributes of the behavior system and a model that suggests the feasibility of the development of a new and required analytic capability for systems of human behavior. (Author/RK)

Author attempts to show the extent to which B. F. Skinner is profoundly wrong in his philosophical conclusions as exemplified in his book, Beyond Freedom and Dignity, and argues for better philosophical position for those applying Skinner's beliefs. (Author/RK)

Article discusses selected observations on behaviorally oriented approaches to counseling, defines behavioral counseling, and examines current techniques. (Author/RK)

Discusses the causes for educational problems, backgrounds for educational development, and a model for educational progress. (RK)

The process of making and testing value judgments is conceived as a modified form of problem-solving in the naturalistic, relativistic tradition of John Dewey and the latter-day experimentalists. (Author)

The needs of medicine and education for diagnostic information do not always coincide, and a number of educators and social scientists have turned to a description of information-processing models as an alternative route to describing handicapping conditions in an educationally meaningful way. (Authors)