To achieve President Obama's stated goal of including all of America's students in leading the world in education, the administration has designed a blueprint for a reenvisioned federal role in education through the reauthorization of the "Elementary and Secondary Education Act" ("ESEA"). The new "ESEA" will ensure equity and opportunity for all students by calling for: (1) Rigorous and fair accountability for all levels of school performance; (2) Meeting the needs of diverse learners; and (3) Greater equity in providing students a fair chance to succeed. "ESEA" includes programs that help schools meet the special educational needs of children working to learn the English language, students with disabilities, Native American students, homeless students, the children of migrant workers, and neglected or delinquent students. In addition, the federal government has a responsibility to provide assistance to certain high-need regions and areas, including rural districts and districts that are affected by federal property and activities. In each of these areas, the administration's "ESEA" reauthorization proposal will continue and strengthen the federal commitment to serving all students, and it will improve each program to ensure that funds are used more effectively to meet the needs of the students they serve. This paper describes how the administration's "ESEA" reauthorization proposal will support these students: (1) students with disabilities; (2) English learners; (3) migrant students; (4) homeless children and youths; (5) neglected and delinquent children and youths; (6) Indian, Native Hawaiian, and Alaska Native students; and (7) rural students. [For the related report, "A Blueprint for Reform. The Reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act", see ED508795.]