In 2002, when its voters approved a ballot measure calling for universal pre- Kindergarten by 2005-06, Florida joined a handful of states in which all children are eligible for free, publicly funded education in the year prior to Kindergarten. The passage of the referendum--which received more votes than Governor Jeb Bush garnered in his victory over his Democratic opponent--was cause for great optimism among those aware of the power of high quality pre-K programs to prepare children, particularly low-income children, to meet the challenges of K-12 education. But as with any public policy initiative, the devil is in the details. The universal but voluntary pre-K measure called on the legislature to hammer out those details, which would determine the quality of the program, its capacity to meet the educational needs of Florida's 4-year olds, and its ability to fulfill the expectations of voters and taxpayers. [Report also produced by the Thomas B. Fordham Institute.]