This study examined the structural organizational characteristics of 51 higher education institutions in a single state (23 four-year and 28 two-year campuses) in relation to student performance and growth. In all, 7,658 students completed the assessment instrument at the end of their second year. The study found that organizational measures of mission, size, wealth, complexity, and selectivity are statistically represented by the two-year versus four-year college dimension. Findings indicate that the different missions of two-year versus four-year campuses do indeed exert significantly different influences on undergraduate grade point average and self-reported growth. The study also used ordinary least squares (OLS) regression and hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) to examine these influences. While the significant student level predictor variables in the OLS and HLM models are substantially similar, the HLM results are more robust because they take into account the interaction effects between campus mission and students. (Contains 2 figures, 10 tables, and 80 references.) (Author/SLD)