This article argues for the importance of replication and data sharing in educational research. Relying on standards set in other disciplines, such as sociology, the article discusses how professional associations can help to create norms and incentives for data sharing and data archiving. The author discusses the importance of data sharing across disciplines and points out how qualitative and quantitative data are currently being shared across a range of investigators. Data sharing is essential to replication and creates a vehicle through which researchers can build upon their designs, create and revise measures, and study different populations for purposes of developing new theories. The sharing of information about studies, including the actual data upon which findings are based, allows researchers to verify, extend, and generalize findings.