Focusing on 1880-1920, the paper examines how professionalization projects, like those endorsed by normal schools and schools of education, contributed to vertical and horizontal divisions of labor by constructing differing views of professionalization that supported gendered assumptions about women and teaching. Local unions provided a…

An intricate analysis of the historical, military, and economic interdependence of language, religion, and state is presented, and the role of the vernacular tongue within the context of social structure is examined. (LH)

Personal reflections on the life and career of educator Rudy Fobert are presented. (LH)

The life and philosophy of William James is discussed. (MM)

A revolution in genetics is occurring, but when looking ahead, we must not romanticize the past. The social history of genetics, and American education's association with eugenics, make it necessary that we understand that both education and science are informed by social attitudes. (MT)

Until his retirement in 1982, Philip Phenix exercised significant influence on students at Teachers College, other branches of Columbia University, and the Union and Jewish theological seminaries. The role in which his impact was probably greatest was as philosopher in service to professionals in a wide range of educational settings. (MT)

As the United States became urban, industrialized and heterogeneous a century ago, politically powerful groups decided state laws must mandate their values in public schools. This article describes three crusades: for temperance instruction, for compulsory Bible reading and the banning of Darwin, and for patriotic rituals and Americanization. (MT)

As a result of the "Great Migration" to Buffalo, the black population tripled from 1900 to 1930. Schooling became a sophisticated system of social controls to channel the attitudes and actions of the underclass of black youth. The system is described and its fundamental flaws examined. (MT)

This paper compares the quality of faculty at traditionally black institutions (TBIs) and traditionally white institutions (TWIs) in Louisiana and Mississippi since the Brown v. Board of Education decision. While TBIs have improved greatly, the gap between TBIs and TWIs is still large. Selected issues are discussed. (MT)

This article traces the development of the Dick and Jane texts, examining the dominent intellectual and economic considerations of their authors and publishers in order to demystify their transmission of values, beliefs, and meanings. (MT)

In an essay-review of "Lucy Sprague Mitchell: The Making of a Modern Woman," four themes which are important to teachers today are discussed. These themes (teacher as educator, as autobiographer, as citizen, and as researcher) are discussed in their biographical, historical, and current contexts. (JL)

Developments in educational philosophy since 1945 are summarized. Five expectations which educators have a right to see fulfilled by educational philosophy are given. (JMF)

Stages in the development of philosophy of education leading up to the current analytic philosophy are outlined and the problems inherent in each are discussed. Three analyses that have influenced contemporary educational philosophy and decision making are presented to demonstrate the contributions of analysis of educational theory. (JMF)

Interpretations of John Dewey's philosophy by pragmatic and romantic progressivists are outlined and contrasted with Dewey's own writings. (JMF)

Modern disillusionment with rationalistic and mechanistic creeds increases the relevance of the thought of Giambattista Vico, an eighteenth century thinker. Vico's "New Science" dealt with the origins of human consciousness and society, and with the development of human nature, knowledge, and institutions in ways that anticipate modern social…