Examines an earth-focus in social studies as a means of fostering better understanding of the physical environment. Presents evidence that this type of study will improve students' knowledge of the economic, historical, and social processes of the earth's inhabitants. (DB)

Describes student difficulties with understanding quantitative concepts as presented in selected third grade social studies textbooks. Test results of student accuracy in understanding of quantitative concepts are presented and discussed, and teaching methods for quantitative reinforcement are provided. (Author/DB)

Describes and evaluates environmental studies programs designed to emphasize positive action learning in environmental improvement through selected field experiences of an interdisciplinary nature. (Author/DB)

Examines teaching techniques and units which have proven successful in motivating low-interest high school students in social studies and English. Units on effective listening, vocabulary meaning, and personality are described. (DB)

Discusses the dangers inherent in any attempt to use a totally individualized instruction approach in teaching social studies. The authors maintain that group work is more useful in developing students' thinking skills and should be combined with individualized instruction to create a balanced program. (Author/DB)

The history of requirements for teacher certification in California from 1860 is examined. Specific issues which have arisen in connection with the 1961 Fisher Bill and the 1970 Ryan Act are analyzed.

Identifies the major arguments pro and con Performance Based Teacher Education and recommends that PBTE be considered as a process rather than a program and that its potential strengths and weaknesses be measured that light. (Author/DB)

Questions the justification of competency based teacher evaluation as it is presently used and recommends that the education profession establish a peer group rating system which would consider a teacher's record as it has accumulated over a period of time. (Author/DB)

Pennsylvania's Educational Quality Assessment (EQA) program is discussed in terms of its historical background, ACLU objections to its alleged infringements of individual rights, and reactions of students who have taken it. Journal is available from Ritter Hall, Fourth Floor, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pa. 19122. (AV)

Assignment of roles in a role play opposite the values held by students induces students to shift their values in the direction of the roles they play and away from the value position they previously held. This technique may be useful in leading students to higher stages of moral development. (For journal availability see SO 504 871.) (AV)

This article describes the interdisciplinary Bicentennial program K-12 of the Springfield School District in Delaware County, Pennsylvania. A Publication of the Pennsylvania Council for the Social Studies, the journal is available from Ritter Hall, Fourth Floor, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122. (Author/RM)

The article describes how a senior high school teacher used an annotated bibliography to stimulate a local history resource project. For journal availability see SO 504 433. (Author/RM)

This article outlines secondary social studies lesson plans on Bicentennial topics. The lessons contain strategies to help teachers prepare hands on student materials for classroom learning stations. For journal availability see SO 504 433. (Author/RM)

The purpose of this article is to describe a teaching strategy to help elementary students understand the complexities of historical decisions by actively engaging them in learning activities involving the arts. For journal availability see SO 504 433. (Author)

The twenty-one books cited in this annotated bibliography were selected because of their value to the elementary social studies teachers who are interested in creating learning experiences about the American Revolutionary period. For journal availability see SO 504 433. (Author/RM)