In this paper, I discuss different types of models in science education and applications of them in learning and teaching science, in particular physics. Based on the literature, I categorize models as conceptual and mental models according to their characteristics. In addition to these models, there is another model called "physics model" by the physics-education community. And then, I discuss applications of these models for learning and teaching science, particularly physics, along with examples that can guide teachers and students in their science courses. (Contains 1 table and 11 figures.)