The National Science Concept Learning Study represented one of the largest and the most extensive surveys of its kind undertaken in Taiwan in recent years. A total of 36,093 students from the sixth, eighth, ninth, and eleventh grades participated in the main study. This paper provides the background information about the sampling and booklet design behind this project. It also provides detailed information on how the survey was actually administered and how the data quality control process was undertaken. This information can facilitate an overall view of the results based on the data related to the main survey. (Contains 7 tables.)