Using a cross-sectional design and five Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills measures, researchers tested for gender differences in reading skills for 1,218 kindergarten through fifth-grade students. A series of two-way repeated measures analyses of variance with time of year (fall, winter, and spring) serving as the within-subjects…

Nist and Joseph (2008) have confirmed earlier research showing that adding and interspersing a large number of time-consuming learning trials targeting known items (e.g., incremental rehearsal (IR) or interspersal) retards student learning rates. In addition, their current study has confirmed earlier research that adding and interspersing known…

A multiple-probes-across-tasks design was used to evaluate the effects of a taped-problems intervention on the multiplication fact fluency of 18 students from an intact general education third-grade classroom. During the classwide taped-problems intervention, students were given lists of problems and instructed to attempt to complete each problem…

A multiple-baseline design across word lists was used to investigate the effects of a modified taped-words intervention on Dolch word reading of a fifth-grade student who speaks English as a second language. The student completed a daily self-managed intervention in which he listened to lists of 30 sight-words while reading along, attempting to…

Assignments were altered to determine if interspersing additional briefer and easier mathematics problems enhanced students' accuracy on longer, more difficult target problems across two types of mathematics assignments. Students (N = 52) from three fifth-grade classes completed six math assignments incorporating two task demands and three…

In their meta-analysis, Stage and Quiroz (1997) found that group-oriented contingencies yielded the largest effect size of interventions designed to reduce inappropriate behaviors in public schools. However, such procedures may be underutilized for enhancing academic performance and learning. The current article describes how interdependent…

A withdrawal design was used to evaluate the effects of a multicomponent intervention on independent seatwork and student-teacher interactions in a student with mild mental retardation. During the intervention phase, long assignments were changed to multiple, briefer assignments. After completing each brief assignment, the student recruited social…

A modified multiple baseline across behaviors design was used to evaluate the effects of an interdependent group contingency program with randomly selected contingency components on the academic performance of an intact middle-school class serving five male students with serious emotional disturbance (SED). During the initial intervention phase,…

The current study investigated the extent to which considering instructional time and student learning rate affects academic treatment decisions. Five second-grade students with difficulties in spelling were exposed to three spelling interventions (traditional drill and practice, interspersal training, and high-p sequencing). Using an alternating…

Evaluates situational bias that could be associated with curriculum-based measurement (CBM). During CBM, students are timed while responding. Results showed that students' accuracy levels increased under the conspicuous timing conditions, but there was no interaction between timing condition and ethnicity for digits correct per minute, digits…

An alternating treatments design was used to evaluate the effects of the interspersal procedure on an elementary student who was referred to a school psychologist for high rates of off-task behavior during independent seatwork. Results showed that the procedure increased the student's on-task levels during classroom mathematics assignments.…

Although functional behavioral assessments (FBA) have long been considered "best practice" in the field of applied behavior analysis, their use by school psychologists has a much briefer history. To assist school psychologists in becoming better acquainted with FBA, this article overviews the conceptual foundations and underlying principles of FBA…

Examines the proportion of female authors of empirical and expository articles. While men were more likely to be primary and secondary authors of articles, an increasing trend in female authorship was evident. When articles were separated by type, the data showed an increase in the proportion of females as authors of empirical but not expository…

Reviews research on antecedent demonstration, modeling, and prompting interventions designed to increase reading accuracy, rates of accurate reading, and generalized reading performance in students with disabilities. Suggests modeling or prompting may not be effective intervention to increase general reading fluency. Rejects myth that neurological…

Used multiple baseline across items design to evaluate effects of cover, copy, and compare (CCC) intervention on students' accuracy identifying states on map of United States. Results from seven students taught with CCC intervention showed the CCC intervention was effective in increasing class mean accuracy levels in locating states. Students…