Supplementary professional education in Russia has grown rapidly, offering training not provided by the state. Further development will require more coordination with both private and state educational institutions, as well as with national and regional educational policies.

Privately conducted corporate education in Russia is developing to meet the needs of business organizations. The growth in the number of those who are taking part in supplementary education, including corporate education, is linked to the requirements of professional work. In this area the level of competition for the adult trainee can be expected…

In June and July 2004, the Institute for Comprehensive Social Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, in collaboration with the Russian Federation office of the F. Ebert Foundation, carried out a repeat survey on the topic of "Citizens of the New Russia: How Do They Feel about Themselves, and What Society Would They Like to Live In?" Use was…