Develops a conceptual framework of research genres that illustrates the complex multidisciplinary roots of multicultural education. Includes examples of research to clarify the nature of the genres and the interactive connections across genres within the framework as a whole. Discusses implications for practice. (SLD)

Reviews the contribution of recent international studies to an understanding of the role of content in curriculum and the way in which schools have an impact on student learning. Such studies suggest that how the science and mathematics curriculum is presented may account for differences in student performance. (SLD)

The effects of within-class grouping on student achievement and other outcomes were quantitatively integrated using one set of 145 effect sizes exploring grouping versus no grouping and a set of 20 effect sizes related to homogeneous versus heterogeneous ability grouping. Overall, results favored homogeneous grouping. (SLD)

The contribution made by the self-efficacy component of A. Bandura's (1986) social cognitive theory to the study of self-regulation and motivation in academic settings was studied. Findings demonstrate that particularized measures of self-efficacy that correspond to critical tasks surpass global measures in outcome explanation and prediction. (SLD)

Certain misunderstandings in science, mathematics, and computer programing reflect analogous underlying difficulties. These misunderstandings are examined through four knowledge levels: (1) content; (2) problem-solving; (3) epistemic; and (4) inquiry. Analysis of several examples shows that misunderstandings have causes at multiple levels, and…

To examine the effects of whole language and language experience approaches on beginning reading achievement, a quantitative synthesis was performed on two databases: 5 first-grade studies of the United States Office of Education and 46 additional studies comparing basal reading approaches to whole language and language experience approaches. (SLD)

Research in the area of grade adjustment methods from the last 27 years is reviewed in the context of admissions selection and of prediction of student performance in college. Contemporary grade adjustment methods can often produce indexes of academic performance with greater reliability than that found with grade point average. (SLD)

An analysis is presented of a conceptual change model for describing student learning by applying research on student learning to the process of conceptual change. Four general motivational constructs are suggested as potential mediators of the process. The role of classroom contextual factors is also discussed. (SLD)

A meta-analysis was conducted of 107 classroom and laboratory studies concerning the effects of expecting a recall, recognition, essay, multiple-choice, or true-false test on students' subsequent achievement. Laboratory studies did not generalize well to classrooms. In classroom studies, subjects performed better when they knew which test type to…

A framework for understanding biliteracy is proposed. It is argued that biliteracy is best understood as a series of interrelated continua defining the contexts, individual development, and media of biliteracy. The nine continua identified are discussed, and their implications for research and teaching are considered. (SLD)

Empirical literature on the match between teacher-based assessments of student achievement levels and objective levels of student learning is examined. Data on the relationship between the teacher's a priori judgment and student's actual achievement reflect the validity or accuracy of teacher-judgment measures. (SLD)

Literature since 1975 concerning the interaction of domain-specific and strategic knowledge on academic performance was reviewed. Focus was on critically analyzing the literature; presenting hypotheses about the interaction; and offering recommendations for future research leading, perhaps, to an information-processing model that captures the…

Results are summarized from 14 fields of research that elucidate the relationships between classroom evaluation and student outcomes. Conclusions from the individual fields are merged to produce an integrated summary with clear implications for effective education. Classroom evaluation has powerful direct and indirect and positive and negative…

Research conducted in the 1980s on differences in race/ethnicity, gender, and social class in the kindergarten through grade 12 and in the educational uses of computers is summarized in terms of access, processes, and outcomes, focusing on equity. Conclusions include the implication that computer use has maintained and even exaggerated existing…

Seventy-six empirical investigations relating to a particular academic domain and involving connected discourse presented in writing or on a computer were reviewed. From the analysis, six premises were proposed as guides for further research and practice in the area of subject-matter knowledge and interest in text processing. (SLD)