Discussed the progress of and development of British community colleges. (Author/RK)

The author reviews the twentieth-century development of educational sociology as a discipline in Europe and the United States, citing approaches and turning points, as well as major schools of thought and their proponents. (SJL)

In the past 25 years, educational economists have made a substantial contribution to thinking about problems of resource allocations to education and of returns on education. They still have an important contribution to make in the development of cost and financial analysis and in efficiency studies. (Editor/SJL)

This article considers only "academic" educational philosophy in the Scandinavian and English-speaking countries. It attempts to recount the different phases in this discipline's development, laying emphasis on the fundamental features of each phase and on the criticism which the next phase leveled at the previous one. (Author/SJL)

The author discusses the definition, rationale, and realization of the concept "education for international understanding." (SJL)

Research results reported in this special issue show that egocentricity and staging, both central ideas in the Piaget-Kohlberg account of human development, are myths. The appearance of egocentricity and staging can be accounted for by a subtle combination of ethnocentricity and the effects of inappropriate methodologies. (RM)

Science education in Great Britain needs to develop more human and humane themes; e.g., students should study aspects of science that are essential to their self-understanding, and they should evaluate their own personal understanding of key scientific concepts and theories. Researchers should study the learning process variables of science…

This research asked secondary English teachers in England to rate in importance the reading and discussion of poetry and the writing of poetry in schools and to give reasons for their ratings. Teachers were also asked to note any problems they had with the teaching of poetry. Results are discussed. (RM)

A crisis has been created in Great Britain by the failure of a triple alliance between employment, government, and education. The British educational system has traditionally favored values such as those implied by the phrase "the high culture of the mind" above the creation of wealth. Change is needed. (Author/RM)

The sharp distinction between "education" and "training" lies at the root of much of Great Britain's current dissatisfaction with universities. Efforts to bring about a closer relationship between the university and industrial and commercial concerns are described. (Author/RM)

In Germany there is a working cooperation between the university and the state. Ideally, the task of the state would be one of global regulation, with universities filling the framework set by the state in their own, autonomous way. (RM)

Objectives, methods, and problems of higher education planning agencies are described, and the work of the Bund-Lander-Kommission fur Bildungsplanung und Forschungsforderung is given particular emphasis. (Author/RM)

The prime aim of the university should not be to promote national economic ends. The university should be an instrument of culture with general civilizing purposes. University autonomy in Great Britain is being threatened by the state. The proper relation between the university and government is an arm's length one. (Author/RM)

Described on a comparative basis are the approaches to and the methods and effects of academic restructuring in the universities of the United Kingdom and West Germany. Selective steps have been taken in both countries to protect and strengthen science and technology, especially research in these areas. (Author/RM)

How financial restrictions and conservative policies have affected the quality and the functioning of higher education in England and West Germany is analyzed. Also discussed is how in both countries the institutional dependency on the state has increased or is being enlarged through changes in the politics of higher education. (Author/RM)