The gap between aspirations and expectations may be expected to increase as the individual becomes more aware of the distinction between what he would like to do versus what he really expects to do. This study attempted to explore these ideas to see to what extent variations exist by race and sex. (Author/RK)

Author suggested an ecological mode of analysis, intended to assess the effects of variation in the properties of educational organizations on the probable attainment of student cohorts. (Author/RK)

This study has been an attempt to provide insight into the question of the influence of school resources on how well students perform academically. It examined the nature of the relationships between educational resources, socioeconomic and racial characteristics, and student academic performance in Florida. (Author/RK)

This research study attempted to identify some factors that might explain the differences in the level of achievement among schools with similar socio-economic status and racial composition. (Author/RK)

This article directed its attention to the study of actual attempts to implement innovations in the schools. Emphasis was given to a presentation of findings from one intensive study of attempts to develop major innovative programs. (Author/RK)

In this paper, prior conceptualizing and empirical work bearing on public schools as complex organizations and risk taking were examined. Discussion of some of the practical implications of this perspective (difficulty in developing innovation) for the management of change efforts in public schools was also presented. (Author/RK)

This study examined the effects of organizational control strategies on the teacher's instructional role. It was hypothesized that the teacher's instructional role would be affected by his or her background such as sex, discipline, experience and tenure status as well. (Author/RK)

The primary/purpose of this paper is to expand the scope of inquiry into and examine trends in factors influencing white adults' opposition to busing by comparing findings from two recent national surveys of representative cross-sections of adults in the United States. (Author)

The author, one of the originators and developers of the clinical supervision process, offered a cogent rationale for clinical supervision. He defined clinical supervision and discussed the psychological-sociological basis for its practice. (Editor)

The author, a recognized competent theorist, presented ideas toward a theory of clinical supervision in which he discussed the role of theory and its relation to practice. He also examined whether clinical supervision emphasis should be idea or process. (Editor/RK)

The purpose of this paper is to examine what is known, and not known, about competencies for the clinical supervisor--sources and methodologies for identifying competencies, competency statements and their formulation, and the issues and problems being encountered and investigated. (Author/RK)

The author, in his motivation research, exuded the feeling that the clinical supervisor, through the correct process of motivating teachers and students, could indeed promote instructional improvement and with it, learning. Through his input-process-outcome model he proposed a better fit between the nature of human motivation and the logic of…

Author provided an essay on the use of the Flanders Interaction Analysis in clinical supervision; in it, he stressed that interaction analysis is not an end but simply a tool to be utilized by supervisors for assisting in the instructional improvement process. (Author/RK)

Article presented a model designed to facilitate teacher self-improvement and followed it through the research, development and implementation stages. (Author/RK)

Authors described the teaching improvement program at the University of Massachusetts' Clinic to Improve University Teaching. Their experience with this model offered much insight for the clinical supervision process at the university level. (Editor/RK)