Two separate and simultaneous studies took place in middle socioeconomic schools. A considerable degree of consistency of results in problem-solving performance with and without calculators was found in the two investigations. Calculator-using groups performed significantly higher than non-calculator groups where differences occurred. (MP)

A total of 169 third-grade pupils were used as the final sample in an examination of information matching ability involving haptic, auditory, and visual modalities in relation to mathematics achievement. Significant correlations were found between matching abilities involving the haptic modality and mathematics achievement, higher than found with…

Discussed are: (1) cognitive learning theory; (2) the learning of mathematics; (3) implications of learning research and theory; and (4) implications for instruction. A major theme is that at the present time even the most basic skills of general usefulness are not being learned by a large proportion of students. (MP)

This study was designed to examine teacher and learning environment variables that were believed to be the most powerful causal determinants of mathematics attitude and employed an emerging model for explaining these and other factors. Over 2000 students in grades four, seven, and nine participated. (MP)

Whether differences in aptitude and experiences explain sex differences in proportional reasoning is examined. Subjects were pupils in grades seven, nine, and 11 from three school districts. Results indicated proportional reasoning occurs infrequently for both sexes, with males performing slightly better. Aptitude and experience measures did not…

Subjects were 73 first-grade children who were heterogeneous ethnically and socioeconomically. The purpose was to evaluate a component-skill analysis of the child's transition from the solution procedure counting-all to the solution procedure counting-on. The results provide a strong case for the proposed componential analysis. (MP)

Subjects were enrolled in a required science course for elementary education majors at Georgia College during spring quarter 1980. Each student was presented questions during two one-hour interview sessions. Van Hiele's assertions appear to be supported by the investigation, but further examination and development of assessment procedures are…

Reviews the historic role of the federal government in support of the arts and music education from 1790 to the early 1960s and recent cooperative ventures between artists and art educators. Federal support resulted from practical, economic, and cultural necessity. In the future, it may result from aesthetic necessity. (AM)

Reports the results of research designed to study 1) the relation between college students' affective entry characteristics and final course grades in music education and music therapy classes and 2) the effects of these classes, student grade point average, and student's major on students' affective characteristics and final course grades. (AM)

Presents the results of a study in aural training that analyzed freshman music majors' responses to rhythmic dictation exercises in the GUIDO system. An analysis of the data showed perceptual patterns and learning styles common to exercises in both simple and common meters. (AM)

Analyzes the work of E. Thayer Gaston in terms of how it contributed to music therapy and music education. Through scholarship and research, Gaston synthesized ideas from many disciplines to formulate basic principles that are still relevant for music therapists and music educators who work with normal and abnormal individuals. (AM)

Reports the results of a study that investigated what members of high school choral ensembles perceive as the meaning of choral singing experience and whether there are underlying dimensions in the meaning construct. Achievement, spiritualistic, musical-artistic, communicative, psychological, and integrative dimensions are tied to a generic…

Reports the results of a study that investigated patterns of judgmental discriminations and preferences with regard to tone quality versus intonation of accompanied flute and oboe duet performances of simple melodies among music and nonmusic graduate and undergraduate students. (AM)

This study investigated the relationship between several Piagetian abilities and an information processing capacity, and first-grade children's performance on verbal addition and subtraction problems. Results pointed to a sometimes small but consistent relationship between possession of a cognitive ability and solving an arithmetic problem. (MP)

This study reports a national survey designed to identify the relative importance of the many factors that may be affecting women's participation in mathematics. Results confirm that numerous factors may affect women's and men's participation in mathematics and suggest areas for intervention to increase women's participation. (MP)