This issue presents two articles on the use of data to improve results for students with disabilities. The first paper examines how researchers supported by the Office of Special Education Programs are discovering innovative uses of scientifically derived information in instructional and administrative decision making as well as strategies for enhancing the usability of such data. Major sections address how data can inform schoolwide positive behavior support programs; using large scale assessment data for school improvement; and curriculum-based measurement (CBM). The second paper is on using data from participatory action research to support change and innovation. Sections consider generating data-based strategies; promoting inclusive schooling practices; conducting family research; and studying social inclusion at work sites. Insets in both papers briefly describe relevant resources on teaching students with disabilities to use data for decision making, how technology use streamlines data collection and analysis, digital texts with embedded and individualized reading strategy and decoding supports, computer administered and scored CBM resources, and use of focus groups to yield useful data. (DB)