The purpose of this article is to investigate the effect of an introductory traditional Greek dances programme on the motor proficiency development of pre-school-age children. The sample of this research consisted of 66 students (36 boys and 30 girls) attending public kindergarten in Argolida prefecture (Greece), aged 4-6 years (X = 59.79 plus or minus 6.40 months). For the assessment of motor proficiency the "Test for children 4-6 years of age" ("Motoriktest fur vier-bis sechsjahrige Kinder," MOT 4-6, Zimmer & Volkamer, 1987) was used. The children of the experimental group (n = 28) attended the intervention programme for 20 weeks, participating in two sessions a week, while the children of the control group (n = 38) did not participate regularly in any organized physical activity programme. A two-way ANOVA model for repeated measures was used for data analysis. From the results, while both groups displayed an improvement in their performance, the experimental group surpassed statistically significantly the control group in the post-test. From the results it was observed that an introductory traditional Greek dances programme can notably improve children's motor proficiency. (Contains 1 table and 1 figure.)