Higher education research is, by its nature, rather an introspective field of study. It is also highly dispersed within and beyond the academy: inherently, therefore, it is a multidisciplinary field of study. An analysis of 567 articles published in 15 leading higher education journals in 2010 demonstrates both the breadth of interest in higher…

This article provides an introduction to the TLRP Learning How to Learn Project and a context for the articles that follow in this special issue. The origins of the research, in a concern to investigate the organizational and network conditions that support innovation in teaching and learning, and in a perceived need to align research on pedagogy…

This paper summarizes the findings of a systematic review of research on the reliability and validity of teachers' assessment used for summative purposes. In addition to the main question, the review also addressed the question "What conditions affect the reliability and validity of teachers' summative assessment?" The initial search for studies…

Reviews research on performance-based pay in England and Wales, examining: its effects on teacher behavior; its benefits and disadvantages; and performance-based pay in the United States, and noting studies of the conditions under which performance-based pay succeeds. The paper concludes that performance-based pay works best in situations that…

Synthesizes recent research on bullying in school, showing the multifaceted coercive behaviors of bullying, demonstrating short- and long-term consequences for both victims and bullies, and outlining characteristics of victims, bullies, and bystanders. The paper discusses social tolerance of bullying and provides theoretical bases for explaining…

A review of observational and discourse analysis research argues that observational research is bound by a characteristics discourse with roots in early anthropological descriptions of education and suggests that, while observational methodologies and techniques have changed, the discourse of observation has always served to promote a single view…

This article provides a conceptual framework to review and discuss studies of explaining in various professional contexts including teaching, medicine and health professions, and law. (Author/MT)

An examination of teacher performance appraisal methods revealed some problems and abuses. Effective evaluation schemes were built upon observation usually mutually agreed, objective criteria for classroom observation, mutual goal seeting, self-appraisal, and support in the form of inservice training and available resources. (JD)

This paper describes current European multicultural societies, and explores the social problems experienced in education and the related issues in employment, community life, social welfare, and human rights. (Author/MT)

A review of the literature concerning local school roll forecasting describes the theoretical model common to most local education agency (LEA) forecasts, identifies a variety of issues relevant to this area of LEA planning, and suggests some opportunities for improvement in LEA school roll forecasting. (Author/CB)

The article discusses various aspects of overt shortage of secondary school mathematics teachers, including recruitment trends, future prospects, attitudes of potential recruits, and school-based factors that contribute to shortages. Attention is also given to how secondary school mathematics departments are organized so as to cope with the…

The paper synthesizes and analyzes research on the technique for nonprofessional tutoring of reading known as paired reading. Data from many extant small-scale studies are compared with the very large quantity of new data available from multisite field trials in one British local education authority. (SM)

Reviews the research methods literature examining the benefits and pitfalls of doing educational research in familiar settings and among peers. The review encompasses educational literature and material from anthropology and sociology. The impact of structural differences between researcher and researched is discussed, noting problems of antipathy…

Synthesizes research findings and theoretical perspectives of advanced technologies as they relate to learning. The article identifies and discusses several issues for the design and use of multimedia applications. The article examines behaviorist, cognitive, and constructivist approaches to learning, noting their relationship to multimedia…

Examines ethnocentrism, focusing on the presentation of the USSR in English history textbooks. Four sections define ethnocentrism and the framework of analysis used, exemplify the framework, relate differences between the text and changes in the projected classroom context-of-use, and discuss theoretical and methodological problems raised by the…